Javascript 数组排序详解_基础知识-js教程-PHP中文网

Javascript 数组排序详解_基础知识

php中文网

发布： 2016-05-16 16:33:11

原创

1503人浏览过

如果你接触javascript有一段时间了，你肯定知道数组排序函数sort，sort是array原型中的一个方法，即array.prototype.sort(),sort(compareFunction),其中compareFunction是一个比较函数，下面我们看看来自Mozilla MDN 的一段描述:
If compareFunction is not supplied, elements are sorted by converting them to strings and comparing strings in lexicographic (“dictionary” or “telephone book,” not numerical) order. For example, “80″ comes before “9″ in lexicographic order, but in a numeric sort 9 comes before 80.

下面看些简单的例子：

Android 基础知识入门 pdf版

Android 基础知识入门 pdf，介绍什么是Android、Android可以完成的功能、Android架构、Android应用程序框架、Android函数库等，从开始安装Android开始，到环境配置，到一步步编写复杂的应用程序，本书将带你了解基础但有内涵的Android入门知识。

查看详情

复制代码代码如下:

// Output [1, 2, 3]
console.log([3, 2, 1].sort());

// Output ["a", "b", "c"]
console.log(["c", "b", "a"].sort());

// Output [1, 2, "a", "b"]
console.log(["b", 2, "a", 1].sort());

从上例可以看出，默认是按字典中字母的顺序来排序的。

幸运的是，sort接受一个自定义的比较函数，如下例：

复制代码代码如下:

function compareFunction(a, b) {

 if( a > b) {

  return -1;

 }else if(a 
  return 1;

 }else {

  return 0;

 }

}

//Outputs ["zuojj", "Benjamin", "1"] 

console.log(["Benjamin", "1", "zuojj"].sort(compareFunction));

排序完我们又有个疑问，如何控制升序和降序呢？

复制代码代码如下:

function compareFunction(flag) {

 flag = flag ? flag : "asc";

 return function(a, b) {

  if( a > b) {

   return flag === "desc" ? -1 : 1;

  }else if(a 
   return flag === "desc" ? 1 : -1;

  }else {

   return 0;

  }

 };

}

//Outputs ["1", "Benjamin", "zuojj"] 

console.log(["Benjamin", "1", "zuojj"].sort(compareFunction()));

//Outputs ["zuojj", "Benjamin", "1"] 

console.log(["Benjamin", "1", "zuojj"].sort(compareFunction("desc")));

comparFunction的排序规则是这样的：
1.If it returns a negative number, a will be sorted to a lower index in the array.
2.If it returns a positive number, a will be sorted to a higher index.
3.And if it returns 0 no sorting is necessary.

下面我们来看看摘自Mozilla MDN上的一段话：
The behavior of the sort method changed between JavaScript 1.1 and JavaScript 1.2.为了解释这段描述，我们来看个例子：

In JavaScript 1.1, on some platforms, the sort method does not work. This method works on all platforms for JavaScript 1.2.

立即学习“Java免费学习笔记（深入）”；

In JavaScript 1.2, this method no longer converts undefined elements to null; instead it sorts them to the high end of the array.详情请戳这里。

复制代码代码如下:

var arr = [];

arr[0] = "Ant";

arr[5] = "Zebra";

//Outputs ["Ant", 5: "Zebra"] 

console.log(arr);

//Outputs 6

console.log(arr.length);

//Outputs "Ant*****Zebra"

console.log(arr.join("*"));

//排序

var sortArr = arr.sort();

//Outputs ["Ant", "Zebra"] 

console.log(sortArr);

//Outputs 6

console.log(sortArr.length);

//Outputs "Ant*Zebra****"

console.log(sortArr.join("*"));