在 JavaScript 中创建对象：闭包、原型和 ESlasses

function createPerson(name) {
    let age = 0;

    return {
        getAge: function() {
            return age;
        },
        growUp: function() {
            age++;
        }
    };
}

const person1 = createPerson("Alice");
console.log(person1.getAge()); // 输出：0
person1.growUp();
console.log(person1.getAge()); // 输出：1

function Person(name) {
    this.name = name;
}

Person.prototype.getAge = function() {
    return this.age || 0;
};

Person.prototype.growUp = function() {
    this.age = this.age ? this.age + 1 : 1;
};

const person2 = new Person("Bob");
console.log(person2.getAge()); // 输出：0
person2.growUp();
console.log(person2.getAge()); // 输出：1

class Person {
    constructor(name) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = 0;
    }

    getAge() {
        return this.age;
    }

    growUp() {
        this.age++;
    }
}

const person3 = new Person("Charlie");
console.log(person3.getAge()); // 输出：0
person3.growUp();
console.log(person3.getAge()); // 输出：1