Python如何验证远程IP地址的连通性及网络状况？

import os
import subprocess

def check_ip_connectivity(ip_address, use_tcping=False):
    """
    验证远程IP地址的连通性。

    Args:
        ip_address: 要验证的IP地址。
        use_tcping: 是否使用tcping命令 (默认False, 使用ping)。

    Returns:
        字典，包含连通性信息：
            - connected: 布尔值，指示是否连接。
            - packet_loss: 丢包率 (如果连接)。
            - avg_latency: 平均延迟 (如果连接)。
        或 None (如果命令执行失败)。
    """
    command = f"ping -c 3 {ip_address}" if not use_tcping else f"tcping -c 3 {ip_address}"

    try:
        result = subprocess.run(command, shell=True, capture_output=True, text=True, check=True)
        output = result.stdout

        if "packet loss" in output.lower() or "unreachable" in output.lower():
            connected = False
            packet_loss = None
            avg_latency = None
        else:
            connected = True
            lines = output.splitlines()
            for line in lines:
                if "packet loss" in line.lower():
                    packet_loss = float(line.split(',')[2].split('%')[0])
                if "avg" in line.lower():
                    avg_latency = float(line.split('/')[-2])
        return {"connected": connected, "packet_loss": packet_loss, "avg_latency": avg_latency}
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        print(f"命令执行失败: {e}")
        return None
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生错误: {e}")
        return None


ip_address = "8.8.8.8" # Google Public DNS
result = check_ip_connectivity(ip_address)

if result:
    if result["connected"]:
        print(f"IP {ip_address} 连接成功:")
        if result["packet_loss"] is not None:
            print(f"  丢包率: {result['packet_loss']:.2f}%")
        if result["avg_latency"] is not None:
            print(f"  平均延迟: {result['avg_latency']:.2f}ms")
    else:
        print(f"IP {ip_address} 连接失败")