python中str是什么 python字符串str的编码和操作方法

# Unicode字符串
unicode_str = "Hello, 世界!"

# 编码成UTF-8
utf8_bytes = unicode_str.encode('utf-8')
print(utf8_bytes)  # 输出: b'Hello, \xe4\xb8\x96\xe7\x95\x8c!'

# 解码回Unicode
decoded_str = utf8_bytes.decode('utf-8')
print(decoded_str)  # 输出: Hello, 世界!

# 字符串拼接
greeting = "Hello"
name = "Alice"
full_greeting = greeting + ", " + name
print(full_greeting)  # 输出: Hello, Alice

# 字符串格式化
age = 30
formatted_str = f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old."
print(formatted_str)  # 输出: My name is Alice and I am 30 years old.

# 字符串切片
long_str = "Python is awesome!"
print(long_str[7:])  # 输出: is awesome!

# 字符串方法
sentence = "  hello world  "
print(sentence.strip())  # 输出: hello world
print(sentence.upper())  # 输出:   HELLO WORLD  
print(sentence.replace('world', 'Python'))  # 输出:   hello Python  

# 使用join方法拼接字符串
words = ['Python', 'is', 'fun']
sentence = ' '.join(words)
print(sentence)  # 输出: Python is fun

import chardet

# 假设我们有一个未知编码的文件
with open('unknown_encoding_file.txt', 'rb') as file:
    raw_data = file.read()
    result = chardet.detect(raw_data)
    encoding = result['encoding']

# 现在我们可以正确地解码文件内容
with open('unknown_encoding_file.txt', 'r', encoding=encoding) as file:
    content = file.read()
    print(content)