PHP中的契约测试：如何保证服务间接口兼容性

// 安装Pact库
// composer require pact-php/pact-php

use PhpPact\Consumer\InteractionBuilder;
use PhpPact\Consumer\Model\ConsumerRequest;
use PhpPact\Consumer\Model\ProviderResponse;
use PhpPact\Standalone\MockService\MockServerConfig;

$config = new MockServerConfig();
$config->setConsumer('OrderService')
       ->setProvider('UserService')
       ->setHost('127.0.0.1')
       ->setPort(7200) // 选择一个空闲端口
       ->setPactDir(__DIR__ . '/pacts'); // Pact文件存放目录

$builder = new InteractionBuilder($config);

$request = new ConsumerRequest();
$request
    ->setMethod('GET')
    ->setPath('/users/1')
    ->addHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');

$response = new ProviderResponse();
$response
    ->setStatus(200)
    ->addHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
    ->setBody([
        'id' => 1,
        'name' => 'John Doe',
        'email' => 'john.doe@example.com'
    ]);

$builder
    ->given('User with ID 1 exists')
    ->uponReceiving('a request for user with ID 1')
    ->with($request)
    ->willRespondWith($response);

// 运行验证，并生成Pact文件
$builder->verify(function() {
    // 在这里编写消费者代码，模拟调用用户服务
    $client = new \GuzzleHttp\Client([
        'base_uri' => 'http://127.0.0.1:7200' // 使用Mock Server的地址
    ]);

    $response = $client->request('GET', '/users/1');
    $body = json_decode($response->getBody(), true);

    // 断言：验证消费者代码是否能够正确处理响应
    assert($body['id'] === 1);
    assert($body['name'] === 'John Doe');
    assert($body['email'] === 'john.doe@example.com');
});

// 安装Pact Verifier库
// composer require pact-php/pact-verifier

use PhpPact\Standalone\ProviderVerifier\Verifier;
use PhpPact\Standalone\ProviderVerifier\Model\VerifierConfig;

$config = new VerifierConfig();
$config->setProviderName('UserService')
       ->setProviderBaseUrl('http://localhost:8000') // 用户服务的实际地址
       ->setPactUrls([__DIR__ . '/pacts/orderservice-userservice.json']); // Pact文件路径

$verifier = new Verifier($config);

// 定义状态回调函数，用于模拟不同的Provider状态
$verifier->handleStateChange(function ($state, $params) {
    if ($state === 'User with ID 1 exists') {
        // 在数据库中创建ID为1的用户
        // ...
    }
});

// 运行验证
$verifier->verify();