C++怎么处理类型擦除 C++类型擦除的实现方法

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>

// 接口类
class AnyValueConcept {
public:
    virtual ~AnyValueConcept() = default;
    virtual std::unique_ptr<AnyValueConcept> clone() const = 0;
    virtual void print() const = 0;
};

// 模板类，负责存储具体类型并实现接口
template <typename T>
class AnyValueModel : public AnyValueConcept {
public:
    AnyValueModel(T value) : data_(value) {}

    std::unique_ptr<AnyValueConcept> clone() const override {
        return std::make_unique<AnyValueModel>(data_);
    }

    void print() const override {
        std::cout << data_ << std::endl;
    }

private:
    T data_;
};

// 类型擦除类
class AnyValue {
public:
    template <typename T>
    AnyValue(T value) : concept_(std::make_unique<AnyValueModel<T>>(value)) {}

    AnyValue(const AnyValue& other) : concept_(other.concept_->clone()) {}

    AnyValue& operator=(const AnyValue& other) {
        concept_ = other.concept_->clone();
        return *this;
    }

    ~AnyValue() = default;

    void print() const {
        concept_->print();
    }

private:
    std::unique_ptr<AnyValueConcept> concept_;
};

int main() {
    AnyValue intValue(10);
    AnyValue stringValue("Hello, World!");

    intValue.print();      // 输出 10
    stringValue.print();   // 输出 Hello, World!

    AnyValue copiedValue = intValue;
    copiedValue.print();   // 输出 10

    return 0;
}