Java中模板的解析_Java中模板方法的实现

public abstract class CoffeeMaker {

    // 模板方法
    public final void makeCoffee() {
        boilWater();
        brewCoffeeGrinds();
        pourInCup();
        addCondiments();
    }

    // 抽象方法，由子类实现
    protected abstract void brewCoffeeGrinds();
    protected abstract void addCondiments();

    // 具体方法，子类可以继承使用
    protected void boilWater() {
        System.out.println("Boiling water");
    }

    protected void pourInCup() {
        System.out.println("Pouring into cup");
    }
}

// 具体子类：美式咖啡
public class AmericanCoffeeMaker extends CoffeeMaker {
    @Override
    protected void brewCoffeeGrinds() {
        System.out.println("Brewing American coffee");
    }

    @Override
    protected void addCondiments() {
        System.out.println("Adding nothing");
    }
}

// 具体子类：拿铁咖啡
public class LatteCoffeeMaker extends CoffeeMaker {
    @Override
    protected void brewCoffeeGrinds() {
        System.out.println("Brewing Latte coffee");
    }

    @Override
    protected void addCondiments() {
        System.out.println("Adding milk and sugar");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CoffeeMaker american = new AmericanCoffeeMaker();
        american.makeCoffee();

        CoffeeMaker latte = new LatteCoffeeMaker();
        latte.makeCoffee();
    }
}