完整备份Oracle数据库

修改备份文件的有效时间（必须用spfile启动数据库）SQLgt; alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=30 scope=both;

修改备份文件的有效时间（必须用spfile启动数据库）

SQL>   alter system set control_file_record_keep_time=30 scope=both;

System altered.

先启动归档

SQL> startup mount

Oracle instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes

Fixed Size                  1219136 bytes

Variable Size              96470464 bytes

Database Buffers          209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL>  alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

[root@bw ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@bw ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun Apr 24 10:14:45 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: BW (DBID=3011863310)

RMAN> show all;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

RMAN configuration parameters are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/dbs/snapcf_bw.f'; # default

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters:

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

[oracle@bw u01]$ rman target /

RMAN> run{

2> allocate channel d1 type disk;

3> allocate channel d2 type disk;

4>backup full database format '/u01/bak/bw20110430_%u.bak' tag=bwfull01;

5> release channel d1;

6> release channel d2;

7> }

回车

开始恢复数据库文件

在/u01/oradata/bw下删除dbf文件 （没有删除控制文件）

[oracle@bw bw]$ rm -rf *dbf

恢复

[oracle@bw u01]$ rman target /

RMAN> startup nomount；

RMAN> alter database mount；

RMAN> restore database;

RMAN> recover database；

Starting recover at 23-APR-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 23-APR-11（表示还原成功）

如果控制文件和数据文件都删除

[oracle@bw ~]$ cd /u01/oradata/bw/

[oracle@bw bw]$ ll

total 1005496

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Apr 26 20:53 bw01.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 115351552 Apr 26 21:14 bwtbs01.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  17547264 Apr 26 21:14 control01.ctl（红色部分都删除）

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  17547264 Apr 26 21:14 control02.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  17547264 Apr 26 21:14 control03.ctl

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 21:14 redo1_1.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 20:36 redo2_1.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 20:48 redo3_1.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 314580992 Apr 26 21:14 sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 314580992 Apr 26 21:14 system01.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 209723392 Apr 26 21:09 temp01.dbf

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 21:14 redo1_1.rdo

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 20:36 redo2_1.rdo

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-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 20:48 redo3_1.rdo

 [oracle@bw ~]$rm –rf*dbf

[oracle@bw ~]$rm –rf*ctl

[oracle@bw ~]$ll

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 21:14 redo1_1.rdo

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 20:36 redo2_1.rdo

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall  20972032 Apr 26 20:48 redo3_1.rdo

[oracle@bw ~]$rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Apr 26 19:46:45 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: bw (not mounted)

RMAN> startup nomount;

database is already started

[oracle@bw ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

[oracle@bw dbs]$ ll

total 34452

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 17629184 Apr 26 19:37 c-3011863310-20110426-00

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall      849 Apr 22 13:38 db.sql

-rw-rw----  1 oracle oinstall     1544 Apr 22 13:37 hc_bw.dat

-rw-r--r--  1 oracle oinstall      960 Apr 22 13:36 initbw.ora

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall    12920 May  3  2001 initdw.ora

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall     8385 Sep 11  1998 init.ora

-rw-rw----  1 oracle oinstall       24 Apr 22 13:38 lkBW

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall     1536 Apr 22 13:36 orapwbw

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall 17547264 Apr 26 19:37 snapcf_bw.f

-rw-r-----  1 oracle oinstall     2560 Apr 26 19:28 spfilebw.ora

RMAN> set dbid=3011863310;

executing command: SET DBID

·

RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at 26-APR-11

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=47 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20110426

channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-3011863310-20110426-00

channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from autobackup complete

output filename=/u01/oradata/bw/control01.ctl

output filename=/u01/oradata/bw/control02.ctl

output filename=/u01/oradata/bw/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 26-APR-11

（控制文件恢复成功）

开始恢复数据文件

[oracle@bw u01]$ rman target /

RMAN> startup nomount；

RMAN> alter database mount；

RMAN> restore database;

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 23-APR-11

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at 23-APR-11（表示还原成功）

[oracle@bw ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Apr 26 20:12:42 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes

Fixed Size                  1219136 bytes

Variable Size              96470464 bytes

Database Buffers          209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  314572800 bytes

Fixed Size                  1219136 bytes

Variable Size              96470464 bytes

Database Buffers          209715200 bytes

Redo Buffers                7168000 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>