C++如何实现银行账户模拟 类与对象的基础应用案例

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

class BankAccount {
private:
    std::string accountNumber;
    std::string accountHolderName;
    double balance;

public:
    // 构造函数
    BankAccount(std::string number, std::string name, double initialBalance) :
        accountNumber(number), accountHolderName(name), balance(initialBalance) {}

    // 存款
    void deposit(double amount) {
        if (amount > 0) {
            balance += amount;
            std::cout << "存款成功，当前余额：" << balance << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "存款金额必须大于0" << std::endl;
        }
    }

    // 取款
    void withdraw(double amount) {
        if (amount > 0 && amount <= balance) {
            balance -= amount;
            std::cout << "取款成功，当前余额：" << balance << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "取款失败，余额不足或金额无效" << std::endl;
        }
    }

    // 获取余额
    double getBalance() const {
        return balance;
    }

    // 打印账户信息
    void printAccountInfo() const {
        std::cout << "账户号码：" << accountNumber << std::endl;
        std::cout << "账户持有人：" << accountHolderName << std::endl;
        std::cout << "账户余额：" << balance << std::endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    // 创建一个银行账户对象
    BankAccount myAccount("1234567890", "张三", 1000.0);

    // 打印账户信息
    myAccount.printAccountInfo();

    // 存款
    myAccount.deposit(500.0);

    // 取款
    myAccount.withdraw(200.0);

    // 再次打印账户信息
    myAccount.printAccountInfo();

    return 0;
}

// 在BankAccount类中添加
private:
    double interestRate; // 年利率

public:
    // 修改构造函数，加入利率
    BankAccount(std::string number, std::string name, double initialBalance, double rate) :
        accountNumber(number), accountHolderName(name), balance(initialBalance), interestRate(rate) {}

    // 计算利息
    void calculateInterest() {
        double interest = balance * interestRate;
        deposit(interest); // 将利息存入账户
        std::cout << "已计算并存入利息：" << interest << std::endl;
    }

    //设置利率
    void setInterestRate(double newRate){
        interestRate = newRate;
    }

void withdraw(double amount) {
    //允许透支额度
    double overdraftLimit = 100.0;
    if (amount > 0 && (balance - amount) >= -overdraftLimit) {
        balance -= amount;
        std::cout << "取款成功，当前余额：" << balance << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "取款失败，余额不足或超出透支额度" << std::endl;
    }
}

// 基类：银行账户
class BankAccount {
    // ... (之前的代码)
};

// 派生类：储蓄账户
class SavingsAccount : public BankAccount {
private:
    int withdrawalLimit; // 每日取款次数限制
public:
    SavingsAccount(std::string number, std::string name, double initialBalance, double rate, int limit) :
        BankAccount(number, name, initialBalance, rate), withdrawalLimit(limit) {}

    // 重写取款方法，加入次数限制
    void withdraw(double amount) {
        // ... (加入取款次数判断)
        BankAccount::withdraw(amount); // 调用基类的取款方法
    }
};

// 派生类：支票账户
class CheckingAccount : public BankAccount {
public:
    CheckingAccount(std::string number, std::string name, double initialBalance, double rate) :
        BankAccount(number, name, initialBalance, rate) {}

    // ... (可以添加支票账户特有的功能)
};