如何用Docker构建测试用PHP环境 PHP开发临时容器部署示例

# docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    ports:
      - "8080:80" # 将容器的80端口映射到本地的8080端口
    volumes:
      - ./www:/var/www/html # 将本地的www目录映射到容器的Web根目录
      - ./docker/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf # 映射Nginx配置文件
    depends_on:
      - php
    networks:
      - app-network

  php:
    build:
      context: . # 构建上下文为当前目录
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.php # 使用自定义的Dockerfile.php
    volumes:
      - ./www:/var/www/html # 将本地的www目录映射到容器的Web根目录
    networks:
      - app-network

  mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0 # 使用MySQL 8.0版本
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root_password # 根用户密码
      MYSQL_DATABASE: test_db # 默认数据库
      MYSQL_USER: test_user # 默认用户
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: test_password # 默认用户密码
    volumes:
      - db_data:/var/lib/mysql # 数据持久化
    networks:
      - app-network

volumes:
  db_data: # 定义一个持久化卷，用于存储MySQL数据

networks:
  app-network: # 定义一个网络，让所有服务可以在其中通信
    driver: bridge

# docker/nginx/default.conf
server {
    listen 80;
    index index.php index.html;
    root /var/www/html;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass php:9000; # 将PHP请求转发给php服务（容器名）的9000端口
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

# Dockerfile.php
FROM php:8.2-fpm-alpine # 基于PHP 8.2 FPM Alpine版本

# 安装必要的系统依赖和PHP扩展
RUN apk add --no-cache \
    libzip-dev \
    libpng-dev \
    jpeg-dev \
    freetype-dev \
    icu-dev \
    git \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg \
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) pdo_mysql gd zip intl opcache

# 设置工作目录
WORKDIR /var/www/html

# 可以在这里添加composer安装等步骤，如果你的项目需要
# COPY --from=composer:latest /usr/bin/composer /usr/bin/composer
# RUN composer install --no-dev --no-interaction --optimize-autoloader

<?php
// www/index.php
echo "<h1>Hello from PHP in Docker!</h1>";

// 尝试连接数据库
$servername = "mysql"; // Docker Compose中数据库服务的名称
$username = "test_user";
$password = "test_password";
$dbname = "test_db";

try {
    $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    // 设置PDO错误模式为异常
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
    echo "<p>Connected to MySQL database successfully!</p>";

    // 简单查询示例
    $stmt = $conn->query("SELECT VERSION() as version");
    $row = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    echo "<p>MySQL Version: " . $row['version'] . "</p>";

} catch(PDOException $e) {
    echo "<p>Connection failed: " . $e->getMessage() . "</p>";
}
?>

docker compose up -d

# Dockerfile.php
FROM php:8.2-fpm-alpine

# 安装必要的系统依赖和PHP扩展
RUN apk add --no-cache \
    libzip-dev \
    libpng-dev \
    jpeg-dev \
    freetype-dev \
    icu-dev \
    git \
    redis-dev # Redis扩展的依赖包
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg \
    && docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) pdo_mysql gd zip intl opcache redis

# 安装Xdebug
RUN pecl install xdebug \
    && docker-php-ext-enable xdebug

# 配置Xdebug (可选，根据你的调试需求调整)
COPY ./docker/php/xdebug.ini /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/xdebug.ini

WORKDIR /var/www/html

; docker/php/xdebug.ini
[xdebug]
xdebug.mode=debug
xdebug.start_with_request=yes
xdebug.client_host=host.docker.internal ; 或者你的宿主机IP
xdebug.client_port=9003
xdebug.log_level=0

docker compose build php
docker compose up -d

    volumes:
      - db_data:/var/lib/mysql # 数据持久化