C语言中如何实现生产者消费者 C语言多线程同步与队列实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define BUFFER_SIZE 5

typedef struct {
    int buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    int head;
    int tail;
    int count;
    pthread_mutex_t mutex;
    pthread_cond_t not_full;
    pthread_cond_t not_empty;
} Queue;

Queue* queue_create() {
    Queue* q = (Queue*)malloc(sizeof(Queue));
    if (q == NULL) {
        perror("malloc failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    q->head = 0;
    q->tail = 0;
    q->count = 0;
    pthread_mutex_init(&q->mutex, NULL);
    pthread_cond_init(&q->not_full, NULL);
    pthread_cond_init(&q->not_empty, NULL);
    return q;
}

void queue_destroy(Queue* q) {
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&q->mutex);
    pthread_cond_destroy(&q->not_full);
    pthread_cond_destroy(&q->not_empty);
    free(q);
}

void queue_push(Queue* q, int data) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&q->mutex);
    while (q->count == BUFFER_SIZE) {
        pthread_cond_wait(&q->not_full, &q->mutex);
    }
    q->buffer[q->tail] = data;
    q->tail = (q->tail + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE;
    q->count++;
    pthread_cond_signal(&q->not_empty);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&q->mutex);
}

int queue_pop(Queue* q) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&q->mutex);
    while (q->count == 0) {
        pthread_cond_wait(&q->not_empty, &q->mutex);
    }
    int data = q->buffer[q->head];
    q->head = (q->head + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE;
    q->count--;
    pthread_cond_signal(&q->not_full);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&q->mutex);
    return data;
}

void* producer(void* arg) {
    Queue* q = (Queue*)arg;
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
        queue_push(q, i);
        printf("Produced: %d\n", i);
        sleep(1); // 模拟生产时间
    }
    return NULL;
}

void* consumer(void* arg) {
    Queue* q = (Queue*)arg;
    int data, i;
    for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
        data = queue_pop(q);
        printf("Consumed: %d\n", data);
        sleep(2); // 模拟消费时间
    }
    return NULL;
}

int main() {
    Queue* q = queue_create();
    pthread_t producer_thread, consumer_thread;

    pthread_create(&producer_thread, NULL, producer, q);
    pthread_create(&consumer_thread, NULL, consumer, q);

    pthread_join(producer_thread, NULL);
    pthread_join(consumer_thread, NULL);

    queue_destroy(q);
    return 0;
}