Swoole如何实现路由功能？路由规则如何配置？

<?php

$http = new Swoole\Http\Server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

// 路由规则
$routes = [
    '/' => 'homeHandler',
    '/user/profile' => 'userProfileHandler',
    '/api/data' => 'apiDataHandler',
];

$http->on('request', function ($request, $response) use ($routes) {
    $uri = $request->server['request_uri'];

    // 简单的路由匹配
    if (isset($routes[$uri])) {
        $handler = $routes[$uri];
        $handler($request, $response);
    } else {
        // 404 Not Found
        $response->status(404);
        $response->end("404 Not Found");
    }
});

// 处理函数示例
function homeHandler($request, $response) {
    $response->header("Content-Type", "text/html");
    $response->end("<h1>Welcome to Home!</h1>");
}

function userProfileHandler($request, $response) {
    $response->header("Content-Type", "application/json");
    $data = ['name' => 'Swoole User', 'age' => 28];
    $response->end(json_encode($data));
}

function apiDataHandler($request, $response) {
  // 模拟从数据库获取数据
  $data = ['item1' => 'value1', 'item2' => 'value2'];
  $response->header("Content-Type", "application/json");
  $response->end(json_encode($data));
}

$http->start();

$routes = [
    '#^/user/(\d+)$#' => 'userHandler', // 匹配 /user/123 这样的URI
];

$http->on('request', function ($request, $response) use ($routes) {
    $uri = $request->server['request_uri'];

    foreach ($routes as $pattern => $handler) {
        if (preg_match($pattern, $uri, $matches)) {
            // 提取参数
            $userId = $matches[1];
            $handler($request, $response, $userId);
            return;
        }
    }

    $response->status(404);
    $response->end("404 Not Found");
});

function userHandler($request, $response, $userId) {
    $response->header("Content-Type", "text/html");
    $response->end("<h1>User ID: " . htmlspecialchars($userId) . "</h1>");
}

<?php

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use FastRoute\RouteCollector;
use FastRoute\Dispatcher;

$dispatcher = FastRoute\simpleDispatcher(function (RouteCollector $r) {
    $r->addRoute('GET', '/', 'homeHandler');
    $r->addRoute('GET', '/user/{id:\d+}', 'userHandler');
});

$http = new Swoole\Http\Server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

$http->on('request', function ($request, $response) use ($dispatcher) {
    $uri = $request->server['request_uri'];
    $httpMethod = $request->server['request_method'];

    $routeInfo = $dispatcher->dispatch($httpMethod, $uri);

    switch ($routeInfo[0]) {
        case Dispatcher::NOT_FOUND:
            $response->status(404);
            $response->end('404 Not Found');
            break;
        case Dispatcher::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED:
            $allowedMethods = $routeInfo[1];
            $response->status(405);
            $response->header('Allow', implode(',', $allowedMethods));
            $response->end('405 Method Not Allowed');
            break;
        case Dispatcher::FOUND:
            $handler = $routeInfo[1];
            $vars = $routeInfo[2];
            // 调用处理函数，并传递参数
            call_user_func_array($handler, [$request, $response, $vars]);
            break;
    }
});

function homeHandler($request, $response, $vars) {
    $response->header("Content-Type", "text/html");
    $response->end("<h1>Welcome to Home!</h1>");
}

function userHandler($request, $response, $vars) {
    $userId = $vars['id'];
    $response->header("Content-Type", "text/html");
    $response->end("<h1>User ID: " . htmlspecialchars($userId) . "</h1>");
}

$http->start();