利用外部API在Laravel中验证邮箱的真实可达性

<?php

namespace App\Services;

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;

class EmailVerificationService
{
    /**
     * Trumail API的基础URL
     * @var string
     */
    protected $baseUrl = 'https://api.trumail.io/v2/lookups/json';

    /**
     * 验证邮箱是否真实可达
     *
     * @param string $email 待验证的邮箱地址
     * @return bool
     */
    public function verify(string $email): bool
    {
        try {
            // 发送GET请求到Trumail API
            $response = Http::timeout(5)->get($this->baseUrl, [
                'email' => $email,
            ]);

            // 检查HTTP请求是否成功
            if ($response->successful()) {
                $data = $response->json();
                // 返回deliverable字段的值
                return (bool) ($data['deliverable'] ?? false);
            }

            // 如果请求不成功，记录错误并返回false
            \Log::error("Trumail API request failed for email: {$email}. Status: {$response->status()}");
            return false;

        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            // 捕获网络错误或其他异常
            \Log::error("Exception during Trumail API call for email: {$email}. Error: {$e->getMessage()}");
            return false;
        }
    }
}

php artisan make:rule RealEmailExists

<?php

namespace App\Rules;

use Closure;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule;
use App\Services\EmailVerificationService; // 引入我们创建的服务

class RealEmailExists implements ValidationRule
{
    protected $emailVerificationService;

    public function __construct(EmailVerificationService $emailVerificationService)
    {
        $this->emailVerificationService = $emailVerificationService;
    }

    /**
     * 确定验证规则是否通过。
     *
     * @param  string  $attribute
     * @param  mixed  $value
     * @param  \Closure  $fail
     * @return void
     */
    public function validate(string $attribute, mixed $value, Closure $fail): void
    {
        // 调用EmailVerificationService来验证邮箱
        if (!$this->emailVerificationService->verify((string) $value)) {
            $fail('The :attribute is not a real and deliverable email address.');
        }
    }
}

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Rules\RealEmailExists; // 引入自定义规则

class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function register(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'name' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
            'email' => ['required', 'string', 'email', 'max:255', 'unique:users', new RealEmailExists()],
            'password' => ['required', 'string', 'min:8', 'confirmed'],
        ]);

        // 如果验证通过，则处理用户注册逻辑
        // ...

        return back()->with('success', 'Registration successful!');
    }
}

<?php

namespace App\Http\Requests;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
use App\Rules\RealEmailExists; // 引入自定义规则

class RegisterUserRequest extends FormRequest
{
    /**
     * 确定用户是否有权发出此请求。
     */
    public function authorize(): bool
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 获取应用于请求的验证规则。
     *
     * @return array<string, \Illuminate\Contracts\Validation\ValidationRule|array<mixed>|string>
     */
    public function rules(): array
    {
        return [
            'name' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
            'email' => ['required', 'string', 'email', 'max:255', 'unique:users', new RealEmailExists()],
            'password' => ['required', 'string', 'min:8', 'confirmed'],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * 获取自定义验证消息。
     *
     * @return array<string, string>
     */
    public function messages(): array
    {
        return [
            'email.real_email_exists' => '您输入的邮箱地址不是一个真实有效的邮箱。',
        ];
    }
}