php如何使用cURL库？php cURL库使用方法详解

<?php
// 1. 初始化cURL会话
$ch = curl_init();

// 2. 设置cURL选项
// 设置请求的URL
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://api.example.com/data");
// 设置为不直接输出结果，而是返回到变量中
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
// (可选) 设置超时时间，单位秒
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 10);
// (可选) 针对HTTPS请求，关闭SSL证书验证，生产环境不推荐，仅用于开发测试
// curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
// curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, false);

// 3. 执行cURL请求并获取响应
$response = curl_exec($ch);

// 4. 检查是否有错误发生
if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'cURL Error: ' . curl_error($ch);
} else {
    // 成功获取响应，这里可以进一步处理$response
    echo "Response:\n";
    echo $response;
}

// 5. 关闭cURL会话
curl_close($ch);
?>

curl_init()

curl_setopt()

CURLOPT_URL

CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER

curl_exec()

curl_exec()

curl_close()

curl_errno()

curl_error()

https://api.example.com/search?query=php&page=1

http_build_query()

<?php
$ch = curl_init();
$params = [
    'query' => 'cURL tutorial',
    'language' => 'en',
    'limit' => 5
];
$url = "https://api.example.com/search?" . http_build_query($params);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
// ... 其他选项和错误处理
curl_close($ch);
?>

User-Agent

Authorization

Accept

CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER

<?php
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://api.example.com/protected/resource");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, [
    'User-Agent: MyPHPApp/1.0',
    'Authorization: Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN',
    'Accept: application/json'
]);
// ... 执行和处理
curl_close($ch);
?>

CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION

CURLINFO_REDIRECT_URL

<?php
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "http://example.com/old-page");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
// 允许cURL跟随重定向
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);

$response = curl_exec($ch);

if (!curl_errno($ch)) {
    // 获取最终重定向的URL
    $finalUrl = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL);
    echo "Final URL after redirects: " . $finalUrl . "\n";
    echo "Response:\n" . $response;
} else {
    echo 'cURL Error: ' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close($ch);
?>

CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION

safe_mode

open_basedir

CURLOPT_POST

CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS

application/x-www-form-urlencoded

CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS

<?php
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://api.example.com/submit-form");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
// 明确告诉cURL这是一个POST请求
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);

// 准备要发送的数据
$postData = [
    'username' => 'john.doe',
    'password' => 'secure_password_123',
    'remember_me' => 'on'
];
// 将数组转换为URL编码的字符串
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($postData));

// ... 执行和处理
curl_close($ch);
?>

application/json

<?php
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://api.example.com/create-resource");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);

$jsonData = [
    'name' => 'New Item',
    'description' => 'This is a description for the new item.',
    'status' => 'active'
];
$jsonString = json_encode($jsonData);

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $jsonString);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, [
    'Content-Type: application/json',
    'Content-Length: ' . strlen($jsonString) // 建议设置Content-Length
]);

$response = curl_exec($ch);

if (!curl_errno($ch)) {
    $decodedResponse = json_decode($response, true);
    print_r($decodedResponse);
} else {
    echo 'cURL Error: ' . curl_error($ch);
}
curl_close($ch);
?>

CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS

application/x-www-form-urlencoded

json_encode

Content-Type

multipart/form-data

CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS

@

CURLFile

POST

CURLFile

CURLFile

Content-Type

<?php
$ch = curl_init();
$targetUrl = "https://api.example.com/upload-file"; // 你的文件上传接口

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $targetUrl);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);

// 假设本地有一个文件 'local_image.jpg'
$filePath = realpath('local_image.jpg'); // 获取文件的绝对路径

if (!file_exists($filePath)) {
    die("文件不存在: " . $filePath);
}

$cfile = new CURLFile($filePath, 'image/jpeg', 'uploaded_image.jpg');

// 将文件和其他可能的表单字段一起发送
$postData = [
    'file_field_name' => $cfile, // 这里的键名要与服务器接收文件的字段名一致
    'description' => 'A test image upload.',
    'user_id' => 123
];

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postData);

$response = curl_exec($ch);

if (curl_errno($ch)) {
    echo 'cURL Error: ' . curl_error($ch);
} else {
    echo "File Upload Response:\n";
    echo $response;
}
curl_close($ch);
?>

file_field_name

$_FILES['file_field_name']

CURLFile

CURLFile

CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS