Java泛型接口与类型安全：解决接口方法参数类型不匹配问题

// 原始接口定义
public interface ITuning {
    void doRace(Object o1);
}

// Car类尝试实现ITuning接口
public class Car extends Vehicle implements ITuning {
    private int hp; // 马力

    public int getHp() {
        return hp;
    }

    // 预期实现：直接比较Car对象
    public void doRace(Car o1) { // 注意：这里的参数类型是Car
        if (this.getHp() > o1.getHp()) {
            System.out.println("当前车辆获胜！");
        } else if (this.getHp() < o1.getHp()) {
            System.out.println("对手车辆获胜！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("平局！");
        }
    }
}

// 泛型接口定义
public interface ITuning<T> {
    /**
     * 执行竞速比较。
     * @param other 另一个参与竞速的对象。
     */
    void doRace(T other);
}

// Car类实现泛型ITuning接口
public class Car extends Vehicle implements ITuning<Car> {
    private int hp; // 马力

    public Car(int hp) {
        this.hp = hp;
    }

    public int getHp() {
        return hp;
    }

    /**
     * 实现竞速方法，直接接收Car类型参数。
     * 使用@Override注解确保正确重写接口方法。
     */
    @Override
    public void doRace(Car other) {
        System.out.println("--- Car vs Car Race ---");
        System.out.println("我的马力: " + this.getHp() + ", 对手马力: " + other.getHp());
        if (this.getHp() > other.getHp()) {
            System.out.println("当前车辆 (HP:" + this.getHp() + ") 获胜！");
        } else if (this.getHp() < other.getHp()) {
            System.out.println("对手车辆 (HP:" + other.getHp() + ") 获胜！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("平局！");
        }
    }

    // 假设Vehicle是一个抽象类
    // abstract class Vehicle { /* ... */ }
    // 其他Car类特有方法...
}

public class Motorcycle extends Vehicle implements ITuning<Motorcycle> {
    private int engineCC; // 发动机排量

    public Motorcycle(int engineCC) {
        this.engineCC = engineCC;
    }

    public int getEngineCC() {
        return engineCC;
    }

    @Override
    public void doRace(Motorcycle other) {
        System.out.println("--- Motorcycle vs Motorcycle Race ---");
        System.out.println("我的排量: " + this.getEngineCC() + ", 对手排量: " + other.getEngineCC());
        if (this.getEngineCC() > other.getEngineCC()) {
            System.out.println("当前摩托车 (CC:" + this.getEngineCC() + ") 获胜！");
        } else if (this.getEngineCC() < other.getEngineCC()) {
            System.out.println("对手摩托车 (CC:" + other.getEngineCC() + ") 获胜！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("平局！");
        }
    }
}

public class RaceSimulator {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Car car1 = new Car(300);
        Car car2 = new Car(250);
        car1.doRace(car2); // 正确调用

        System.out.println("\n------------------\n");

        Motorcycle moto1 = new Motorcycle(1000);
        Motorcycle moto2 = new Motorcycle(1200);
        moto1.doRace(moto2); // 正确调用
    }
}