基于PHP和Laravel构建快递服务应用的优势与实践

// app/Http/Controllers/OrderController.php
<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Order;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class OrderController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * 显示所有订单。
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\View\View
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $orders = Order::all(); // 从数据库获取所有订单
        return view('orders.index', compact('orders')); // 将订单数据传递给视图
    }

    /**
     * 显示特定订单的详细信息。
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Order  $order
     * @return \Illuminate\View\View
     */
    public function show(Order $order)
    {
        return view('orders.show', compact('order')); // 将单个订单数据传递给视图
    }

    /**
     * 处理创建新订单的请求。
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        // 验证请求数据
        $validatedData = $request->validate([
            'sender_name' => 'required|string|max:255',
            'recipient_name' => 'required|string|max:255',
            'pickup_address' => 'required|string|max:255',
            'delivery_address' => 'required|string|max:255',
            'weight' => 'required|numeric|min:0.1',
            // ... 其他订单字段
        ]);

        // 创建新订单
        $order = Order::create($validatedData);

        return redirect()->route('orders.show', $order->id)
                         ->with('success', '订单创建成功！');
    }
}

{{-- resources/views/orders/index.blade.php --}}
<h1>所有订单</h1>
@if($orders->isEmpty())
    <p>暂无订单。</p>
@else
    <ul>
        @foreach($orders as $order)
            <li>
                <a href="{{ route('orders.show', $order->id) }}">订单 #{{ $order->id }}</a> - 状态: {{ $order->status }}
            </li>
        @endforeach
    </ul>
@endif

// app/Models/Order.php
<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Order extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    // 允许批量赋值的字段
    protected $fillable = [
        'sender_name',
        'recipient_name',
        'pickup_address',
        'delivery_address',
        'weight',
        'status', // 例如：pending, in_transit, delivered
        'tracking_number',
        'user_id', // 关联到创建订单的用户
    ];

    /**
     * 一个订单属于一个用户。
     */
    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
    }

    /**
     * 获取所有待处理的订单。
     */
    public static function getPendingOrders()
    {
        return self::where('status', 'pending')->get();
    }
}

// 在控制器或服务中如何使用
use App\Models\Order;
use App\Models\User;

// 创建一个新订单
$user = User::find(1); // 假设用户ID为1
$order = $user->orders()->create([
    'sender_name' => '张三',
    'recipient_name' => '李四',
    'pickup_address' => 'A市A区A街1号',
    'delivery_address' => 'B市B区B街10号',
    'weight' => 2.5,
    'status' => 'pending',
    'tracking_number' => 'KD' . time(),
]);

// 查询所有已发货的订单
$shippedOrders = Order::where('status', 'in_transit')->get();

// 更新订单状态
$orderToUpdate = Order::find(123); // 假设订单ID为123
if ($orderToUpdate) {
    $orderToUpdate->status = 'delivered';
    $orderToUpdate->save();
}