PHP与MySQL实现单表单多文件上传：封面与多图集管理教程

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <label for="cover-upload">选择相册封面:</label>
  <input type="file" name="cover" id="cover-upload" accept="image/*">

  <label for="photos-upload">选择多张照片:</label>
  <input type="file" name="photos[]" id="photos-upload" multiple accept="image/*">

  <label for="album-name">相册名称:</label>
  <input type="text" name="nameAlbum" id="album-name" placeholder="请输入相册名称"/>

  <button type="submit">提交相册</button>
</form>

CREATE TABLE `albums` (
    `id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    `cover_path` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    `created_at` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

CREATE TABLE `photos` (
    `id` INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    `album_id` INT NOT NULL,
    `photo_path` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    `created_at` TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    FOREIGN KEY (`album_id`) REFERENCES `albums`(`id`) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

<?php
// 1. 数据库配置与连接
$dbHost = 'localhost';
$dbName = 'your_database_name';
$dbUser = 'your_username';
$dbPass = 'your_password';

try {
    $pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=$dbHost;dbname=$dbName;charset=utf8", $dbUser, $dbPass);
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE, PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
} catch (PDOException $e) {
    die("数据库连接失败: " . $e->getMessage());
}

// 2. 设置上传目录
$uploadDir = 'uploads/'; // 确保此目录存在且PHP有写入权限
$coverUploadDir = $uploadDir . 'covers/';
$photosUploadDir = $uploadDir . 'photos/';

// 确保上传目录存在
if (!is_dir($coverUploadDir)) {
    mkdir($coverUploadDir, 0777, true);
}
if (!is_dir($photosUploadDir)) {
    mkdir($photosUploadDir, 0777, true);
}

// 3. 处理表单提交
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST') {
    $albumName = trim($_POST['nameAlbum']);
    $coverPath = '';
    $photoPaths = [];

    // 验证相册名称
    if (empty($albumName)) {
        echo "相册名称不能为空。<br>";
        exit;
    }

    // 4. 处理封面图片上传 (单文件)
    if (isset($_FILES['cover']) && $_FILES['cover']['error'] === UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
        $coverTmpName = $_FILES['cover']['tmp_name'];
        $coverFileName = basename($_FILES['cover']['name']);
        $coverTargetFile = $coverUploadDir . uniqid() . '_' . $coverFileName; // 使用uniqid生成唯一文件名

        // 移动上传文件
        if (move_uploaded_file($coverTmpName, $coverTargetFile)) {
            $coverPath = $coverTargetFile;
        } else {
            echo "封面图片上传失败。<br>";
            exit;
        }
    } else {
        echo "请选择封面图片。<br>";
        exit;
    }

    // 5. 插入相册信息到数据库，获取相册ID
    try {
        $stmt = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO albums (name, cover_path) VALUES (?, ?)");
        $stmt->execute([$albumName, $coverPath]);
        $albumId = $pdo->lastInsertId();
        echo "相册 '" . htmlspecialchars($albumName) . "' 创建成功，ID: " . $albumId . "<br>";
    } catch (PDOException $e) {
        echo "创建相册失败: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br>";
        // 如果相册创建失败，需要删除已上传的封面文件
        if (file_exists($coverPath)) {
            unlink($coverPath);
        }
        exit;
    }

    // 6. 处理多张照片上传 (多文件)
    if (isset($_FILES['photos']) && is_array($_FILES['photos']['name'])) {
        $totalPhotos = count($_FILES['photos']['name']);
        $uploadedCount = 0;

        for ($i = 0; $i < $totalPhotos; $i++) {
            // 检查每个文件的上传状态
            if ($_FILES['photos']['error'][$i] === UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
                $photoTmpName = $_FILES['photos']['tmp_name'][$i];
                $photoFileName = basename($_FILES['photos']['name'][$i]);
                $photoTargetFile = $photosUploadDir . uniqid() . '_' . $photoFileName; // 唯一文件名

                if (move_uploaded_file($photoTmpName, $photoTargetFile)) {
                    $photoPaths[] = $photoTargetFile;
                    $uploadedCount++;

                    // 插入每张照片的信息到数据库
                    try {
                        $stmt = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO photos (album_id, photo_path) VALUES (?, ?)");
                        $stmt->execute([$albumId, $photoTargetFile]);
                    } catch (PDOException $e) {
                        echo "照片 '" . htmlspecialchars($photoFileName) . "' 存储失败: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br>";
                        // 即使数据库存储失败，文件可能已上传，可以考虑删除或记录日志
                        if (file_exists($photoTargetFile)) {
                            unlink($photoTargetFile);
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    echo "照片 '" . htmlspecialchars($photoFileName) . "' 上传失败。<br>";
                }
            } else if ($_FILES['photos']['error'][$i] !== UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE) {
                // 排除没有选择文件的情况
                echo "照片上传错误 (文件: " . htmlspecialchars($_FILES['photos']['name'][$i]) . ", 错误码: " . $_FILES['photos']['error'][$i] . ")。<br>";
            }
        }
        echo "成功上传 " . $uploadedCount . " 张照片。<br>";
    } else {
        echo "没有选择任何照片或照片上传出错。<br>";
    }

    echo "所有文件处理完毕。<br>";
}
?>