PHP与MySQL实现带封面和多图上传的表单教程

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <label for="cover-input">选择专辑封面</label>
  <input type="file" name="cover" id="cover-input">

  <label for="photos-input">选择多张照片</label>
  <!-- 关键：name="photos[]" 和 multiple 属性 -->
  <input type="file" name="photos[]" id="photos-input" multiple>

  <label for="album-name-input">相册名称</label>
  <input type="text" name="nameAlbum" id="album-name-input" placeholder="输入相册名称"/>

  <button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>

<style>
/* 示例CSS样式，非功能必需 */
form{
  background-color: #eee;
  border-radius: 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 15px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 20px;
  width: 400px;
}

form button{
  background-color: crimson;
  border: none;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 10px;
  cursor: pointer;
}
form input[type="text"],
form input[type="file"]{
  padding: 7px 10px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>

CREATE TABLE albums (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    cover_path VARCHAR(255) NULL, -- 封面图片路径
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

CREATE TABLE photos (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    album_id INT NOT NULL,
    photo_path VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, -- 图片路径
    FOREIGN KEY (album_id) REFERENCES albums(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
);

<?php
// 错误报告设置（开发环境建议开启）
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
ini_set('display_startup_errors', 1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);

// 数据库配置
$host = 'localhost';
$db   = 'your_database_name'; // 替换为你的数据库名
$user = 'your_username';     // 替换为你的数据库用户名
$pass = 'your_password';     // 替换为你的数据库密码
$charset = 'utf8mb4';

$dsn = "mysql:host=$host;dbname=$db;charset=$charset";
$options = [
    PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE            => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
    PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,
    PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES   => false,
];

try {
    $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $pass, $options);
} catch (\PDOException $e) {
    throw new \PDOException($e->getMessage(), (int)$e->getCode());
}

// 文件上传目录
$uploadDir = 'uploads/';
if (!is_dir($uploadDir)) {
    mkdir($uploadDir, 0777, true); // 确保上传目录存在并有写入权限
}

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
    $albumName = $_POST['nameAlbum'] ?? '无标题相册';
    $coverPath = null;
    $photoPaths = [];

    // --- 1. 处理封面图片上传 ---
    if (isset($_FILES['cover']) && $_FILES['cover']['error'] == UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
        $coverFile = $_FILES['cover'];
        $coverFileName = uniqid() . '_' . basename($coverFile['name']); // 生成唯一文件名
        $targetCoverPath = $uploadDir . $coverFileName;

        if (move_uploaded_file($coverFile['tmp_name'], $targetCoverPath)) {
            $coverPath = $targetCoverPath;
            echo "封面图片上传成功: " . $coverPath . "<br>";
        } else {
            echo "封面图片上传失败。<br>";
        }
    }

    // --- 2. 插入相册信息到 albums 表 ---
    try {
        $stmt = $pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO albums (name, cover_path) VALUES (?, ?)");
        $stmt->execute([$albumName, $coverPath]);
        $albumId = $pdo->lastInsertId(); // 获取新插入的相册ID
        echo "相册 '" . htmlspecialchars($albumName) . "' 创建成功，ID: " . $albumId . "<br>";
    } catch (\PDOException $e) {
        echo "创建相册失败: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br>";
        // 可以在这里回滚已上传的封面文件
        if ($coverPath && file_exists($coverPath)) {
            unlink($coverPath);
        }
        exit; // 停止执行后续操作
    }

    // --- 3. 处理多张照片上传 ---
    if (isset($_FILES['photos']) && is_array($_FILES['photos']['name'])) {
        $countfiles = count($_FILES['photos']['name']);

        // 准备批量插入照片的SQL语句
        $insertPhotoSql = "INSERT INTO photos (album_id, photo_path) VALUES (?, ?)";
        $stmtPhotos = $pdo->prepare($insertPhotoSql);

        for ($i = 0; $i < $countfiles; $i++) {
            // 检查当前文件是否有上传错误
            if ($_FILES['photos']['error'][$i] == UPLOAD_ERR_OK) {
                $photoFileName = uniqid() . '_' . basename($_FILES['photos']['name'][$i]);
                $targetPhotoPath = $uploadDir . $photoFileName;

                if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['photos']['tmp_name'][$i], $targetPhotoPath)) {
                    $photoPaths[] = $targetPhotoPath;
                    echo "照片上传成功: " . $targetPhotoPath . "<br>";
                    // 插入照片信息到 photos 表
                    try {
                        $stmtPhotos->execute([$albumId, $targetPhotoPath]);
                    } catch (\PDOException $e) {
                        echo "照片 '" . htmlspecialchars($photoFileName) . "' 存储失败: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br>";
                        // 可以在这里删除已上传的文件，但为了教程简洁，暂不处理
                    }
                } else {
                    echo "照片 '" . htmlspecialchars($_FILES['photos']['name'][$i]) . "' 上传失败。<br>";
                }
            } else {
                echo "照片 '" . htmlspecialchars($_FILES['photos']['name'][$i]) . "' 上传错误: " . $_FILES['photos']['error'][$i] . "<br>";
            }
        }
    }

    echo "所有文件处理完毕。<br>";
}
?>