解决Selenium Chromedriver下载目录配置失败的问题

from selenium import webdriver
import os

# 假设 selected_folder 是您希望设置的下载路径
# 例如：selected_folder = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "downloads")
# 或者 selected_folder = "/Users/youruser/Documents/downloads" (macOS/Linux)
# 或者 selected_folder = "C:\Users\youruser\Documents\downloads" (Windows)

# 初始化 ChromeOptions
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()

# 添加其他常用选项
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-notifications")
chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized")

# 设置下载目录偏好
prefs = {
    'download.default_directory': selected_folder,
    'savefile.default_directory': selected_folder, # 某些情况下可能也需要设置
    'download.prompt_for_download': False, # 避免弹出下载确认框
    'download.directory_upgrade': True,
    'safebrowsing.enabled': True # 禁用安全浏览，有时会干扰下载
}
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('prefs', prefs)

# 启用日志（有助于调试）
chrome_options.add_argument("--enable-logging")

# 初始化 WebDriver
# driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=chrome_options)
# ... 后续操作，例如点击下载按钮

import os

def validate_and_create_download_directory(path):
    """
    验证并确保下载目录存在且可写入。
    如果目录不存在，则尝试创建。
    """
    if not os.path.isabs(path):
        # 如果不是绝对路径，可以考虑转换为绝对路径
        path = os.path.abspath(path)
        print(f"路径已转换为绝对路径: {path}")

    if not os.path.exists(path):
        try:
            os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True) # exist_ok=True 避免目录已存在时报错
            print(f"下载目录 '{path}' 不存在，已成功创建。")
        except OSError as e:
            raise Exception(f"无法创建下载目录 '{path}'：{e}")

    if not os.path.isdir(path):
        raise Exception(f"路径 '{path}' 不是一个有效的目录。")

    # 进一步检查写入权限（可选但推荐）
    # 尝试在目录中创建一个临时文件并删除，以验证写入权限
    try:
        test_file = os.path.join(path, "temp_test_write.tmp")
        with open(test_file, "w") as f:
            f.write("test")
        os.remove(test_file)
        print(f"目录 '{path}' 具有写入权限。")
    except OSError as e:
        raise Exception(f"目录 '{path}' 没有写入权限：{e}")

    return path

# 示例使用
try:
    # 定义您的目标下载目录
    # selected_folder = "C:\Users\youruser\Desktop\MyDownloads" # Windows
    # selected_folder = "/tmp/my_selenium_downloads" # Linux/macOS
    selected_folder = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "selenium_downloads") # 在当前工作目录创建子目录

    valid_download_path = validate_and_create_download_directory(selected_folder)
    print(f"最终使用的下载路径: {valid_download_path}")

    # 将 valid_download_path 传递给 ChromeOptions
    chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-notifications")
    chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
    prefs = {
        'download.default_directory': valid_download_path,
        'savefile.default_directory': valid_download_path,
        'download.prompt_for_download': False,
        'download.directory_upgrade': True,
        'safebrowsing.enabled': True
    }
    chrome_options.add_experimental_option('prefs', prefs)
    chrome_options.add_argument("--enable-logging")

    # 替换为您的实际 Chromedriver 服务和初始化
    # service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(executable_path="path/to/chromedriver")
    # driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=chrome_options)
    # driver.get("http://example.com/download_page")
    # # ... 执行点击下载按钮的操作
    # driver.quit()

except Exception as e:
    print(f"配置下载目录时发生错误: {e}")