Python加密Excel文件：实现文件级密码保护

import pandas as pd
import os

def create_excel_file(data: dict, file_path: str):
    """
    使用Pandas创建Excel文件。
    """
    df = pd.DataFrame(data)
    try:
        # 使用xlsxwriter引擎创建Excel文件
        with pd.ExcelWriter(file_path, engine='xlsxwriter') as writer:
            df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='Sheet1', index=False)
        print(f"Excel文件 '{file_path}' 创建成功。")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"创建Excel文件失败: {e}")

# 示例数据
sample_data = {
    'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'],
    'Age': [30, 24, 35],
    'City': ['New York', 'Los Angeles', 'Chicago']
}
output_filename_unencrypted = "unencrypted_data.xlsx"
create_excel_file(sample_data, output_filename_unencrypted)

import subprocess
import os

def encrypt_excel_file(input_file: str, output_file: str, password: str):
    """
    使用msoffice-crypt工具加密Excel文件。
    需要确保msoffice-crypt可执行文件在系统PATH中，或指定其完整路径。
    """
    try:
        # msoffice-crypt命令格式: msoffice-crypt -e -p <password> <input_file> <output_file>
        command = [
            "msoffice-crypt",  # 确保这个命令在PATH中或指定完整路径
            "-e",              # 加密模式
            "-p", password,    # 设置密码
            input_file,        # 输入文件
            output_file        # 输出文件
        ]

        # 执行命令行命令
        result = subprocess.run(command, capture_output=True, text=True, check=True)

        print(f"Excel文件 '{input_file}' 已成功加密为 '{output_file}'。")
        print("msoffice-crypt stdout:", result.stdout)
        if result.stderr:
            print("msoffice-crypt stderr:", result.stderr)

        # 加密成功后，可以选择删除未加密的原始文件
        # os.remove(input_file)

    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        print(f"加密Excel文件失败: {e}")
        print("msoffice-crypt stdout:", e.stdout)
        print("msoffice-crypt stderr:", e.stderr)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print("错误: 'msoffice-crypt' 命令未找到。请确保它已安装并配置在系统PATH中。")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生未知错误: {e}")

# 示例：加密之前创建的Excel文件
output_filename_encrypted = "encrypted_data.xlsx"
encryption_password = "MySecurePassword123" # 实际应用中应从安全配置中获取

# 确保未加密文件存在
if os.path.exists(output_filename_unencrypted):
    encrypt_excel_file(output_filename_unencrypted, output_filename_encrypted, encryption_password)
    # 清理：删除未加密的原始文件（可选）
    # os.remove(output_filename_unencrypted)
else:
    print(f"未找到文件 '{output_filename_unencrypted}'，请先创建它。")

# 假设在FastAPI应用中
# from fastapi import FastAPI, File, UploadFile, HTTPException
# from fastapi.responses import FileResponse
#
# app = FastAPI()
#
# @app.get("/download_encrypted_excel/")
# async def download_encrypted_excel():
#     # ... (创建和加密文件的逻辑) ...
#     encrypted_file_path = "encrypted_data.xlsx"
#     if not os.path.exists(encrypted_file_path):
#         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="File not found or not created yet.")
#
#     return FileResponse(
#         path=encrypted_file_path,
#         filename="your_data.xlsx",
#         media_type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
#         headers={"Content-Disposition": f"attachment; filename=your_data.xlsx"}
#     )