使用PHP自动化SFTP文件下载：基于SSH密钥认证的实践指南

<?php
if (!function_exists("ssh2_connect")) {
    die("Error: ssh2_connect function doesn't exist. Please install/enable the ssh2 extension.");
}

$host = "XX.160.XX.XX"; // 替换为你的SFTP主机
$port = 6010;          // 替换为你的SFTP端口
$username = "JJEE";    // 替换为你的SFTP用户名
$publicKeyPath = '/location/id_rsa.pub'; // 公钥路径
$privateKeyPath = '/location/id_rsa';   // 私钥路径

// 尝试建立SSH连接
$connection = ssh2_connect($host, $port, ['hostkey'=>'ssh-rsa']);

if ($connection) {
    // 尝试使用公钥/私钥文件进行认证
    $authenticated = ssh2_auth_pubkey_file(
        $connection,
        $username,
        $publicKeyPath,
        $privateKeyPath,
        '' // 密码短语，如果私钥没有密码则留空
    );

    if ($authenticated) {
        echo "Public Key Authentication Successful. <br/>";
        // 认证成功后，可以尝试使用ssh2_sftp()等函数进行文件操作
        // ...
    } else {
        echo "Public Key Authentication failed. <br/>";
        // 通常会伴随PHP Warning: ssh2_auth_pubkey_file(): Authentication failed for ...
    }
} else {
    echo "Failed to connect to SFTP server. <br/>";
}
?>

<?php
// 尝试通过passthru执行SFTP命令
// 目标是先连接，再执行get命令
$command = 'sftp -o PORT=6010 JPL_EOD@XX.160.XX.XX && get /BACKUP/01December2021.zip';
passthru($command, $resultCode);

echo "Command executed with result code: " . $resultCode . "<br/>";
?>

<?php
$host = "XX.160.XX.XX"; // 替换为你的SFTP主机
$port = 6010;          // 替换为你的SFTP端口
$username = "JPL_EOD";    // 替换为你的SFTP用户名
$remoteFilePath = "/BACKUP/01December2021.zip"; // 远程文件路径
$localSavePath = "/path/to/save/01December2021.zip"; // 本地保存路径，确保PHP进程有写入权限

// 构建单行SFTP下载命令
// 注意：如果本地文件名与远程文件名相同，可以省略 localSavePath
// 完整的命令格式为: sftp -o Port=<port> <user>@<host>:<remote_path> <local_path>
$command = sprintf(
    'sftp -o Port=%d %s@%s:%s %s',
    $port,
    $username,
    $host,
    escapeshellarg($remoteFilePath), // 使用escapeshellarg确保路径中的特殊字符被正确处理
    escapeshellarg($localSavePath)
);

// 执行命令
$output = [];
$resultCode = 0;
exec($command, $output, $resultCode); // 使用exec可以捕获输出和结果码

if ($resultCode === 0) {
    echo "File downloaded successfully to " . $localSavePath . "<br/>";
} else {
    echo "Failed to download file. Error code: " . $resultCode . "<br/>";
    echo "Output: " . implode("\n", $output) . "<br/>";
}

// 如果需要下载多个文件，可以重复执行此命令
// 例如：
// $remoteFilePath2 = "/BACKUP/02December2021.zip";
// $localSavePath2 = "/path/to/save/02December2021.zip";
// $command2 = sprintf('sftp -o Port=%d %s@%s:%s %s', $port, $username, $host, escapeshellarg($remoteFilePath2), escapeshellarg($localSavePath2));
// exec($command2, $output2, $resultCode2);
// ...
?>