该图书借阅系统通过Book、User和Library三个类实现核心功能,支持图书的添加、查询、借阅与归还,用户可在控制台进行交互操作,适合Java面向对象编程学习。

在Java中创建一个简易的图书借阅管理工具,可以通过面向对象的方式实现。我们只需要几个核心类来模拟图书、用户和借阅操作,再配合基本的控制台交互即可完成基础功能。
1. 定义图书类(Book)
图书类用于表示系统中的每本图书,包含书名、作者、ISBN编号以及是否被借出的状态。
public class Book {
private String title;
private String author;
private String isbn;
private boolean isBorrowed;
public Book(String title, String author, String isbn) {
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.isbn = isbn;
this.isBorrowed = false;
}
// Getters
public String getTitle() { return title; }
public String getAuthor() { return author; }
public String getIsbn() { return isbn; }
public boolean isBorrowed() { return isBorrowed; }
// 借出图书
public void borrow() {
if (!isBorrowed) {
isBorrowed = true;
} else {
System.out.println("该书已被借出!");
}
}
// 归还图书
public void returnBook() {
isBorrowed = false;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "《" + title + "》 by " + author + " (ISBN: " + isbn + ") - " +
(isBorrowed ? "已借出" : "可借阅");
}}
2. 定义用户类(User)
用户类代表借阅者,可以记录其姓名和当前借阅的图书列表。
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import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;public class User { private String name; private List
borrowedBooks; public User(String name) { this.name = name; this.borrowedBooks = new ArrayList<>(); } public String getName() { return name; } public void borrowBook(Book book) { if (book != null && !book.isBorrowed()) { book.borrow(); borrowedBooks.add(book); System.out.println(name + " 成功借阅: " + book.getTitle()); } else { System.out.println("无法借阅此书!"); } } public void returnBook(Book book) { if (borrowedBooks.remove(book)) { book.returnBook(); System.out.println(name + " 已归还: " + book.getTitle()); } else { System.out.println("你没有借这本书!"); } } public ListgetBorrowedBooks() { return new ArrayList<>(borrowedBooks); } }
3. 图书管理系统主类(Library)
图书馆类负责管理所有图书和用户,并提供添加图书、查找图书、借阅和归还等功能。
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Scanner;public class Library { private List
books; private List users; private Scanner scanner; public Library() { books = new ArrayList<>(); users = new ArrayList<>(); scanner = new Scanner(System.in); initializeData(); // 初始化一些测试数据 } // 初始化测试数据 private void initializeData() { books.add(new Book("Java编程思想", "Bruce Eckel", "978-7-121-02345-6")); books.add(new Book("Effective Java", "Joshua Bloch", "978-7-111-21382-6")); books.add(new Book("深入理解Java虚拟机", "周志明", "978-7-111-42157-5")); users.add(new User("张三")); users.add(new User("李四")); } // 添加新书 public void addBook(String title, String author, String isbn) { books.add(new Book(title, author, isbn)); System.out.println("图书添加成功:" + title); } // 查找图书(按标题或作者) public ListsearchBooks(String keyword) { List result = new ArrayList<>(); for (Book book : books) { if (book.getTitle().contains(keyword) || book.getAuthor().contains(keyword)) { result.add(book); } } return result; } // 显示所有图书 public void displayAllBooks() { System.out.println("\n=== 所有图书 ==="); for (Book book : books) { System.out.println(book); } } // 主菜单 public void start() { while (true) { System.out.println("\n--- 图书借阅管理系统 ---"); System.out.println("1. 查看所有图书"); System.out.println("2. 搜索图书"); System.out.println("3. 借阅图书"); System.out.println("4. 归还图书"); System.out.println("5. 退出"); System.out.print("请选择操作:"); int choice = scanner.nextInt(); scanner.nextLine(); // 消费换行符 switch (choice) { case 1: displayAllBooks(); break; case 2: searchBook(); break; case 3: borrowBook(); break; case 4: returnBook(); break; case 5: System.out.println("感谢使用!"); return; default: System.out.println("无效选择,请重试。"); } } } private void searchBook() { System.out.print("请输入书名或作者关键词:"); String keyword = scanner.nextLine(); List results = searchBooks(keyword); if (results.isEmpty()) { System.out.println("未找到相关图书。"); } else { System.out.println("搜索结果:"); for (Book book : results) { System.out.println(book); } } } private void borrowBook() { System.out.print("输入用户名(张三/李四):"); String userName = scanner.nextLine(); User user = users.stream() .filter(u -> u.getName().equals(userName)) .findFirst() .orElse(null); if (user == null) { System.out.println("用户不存在!"); return; } System.out.print("输入要借阅的书名:"); String title = scanner.nextLine(); Book book = books.stream() .filter(b -> b.getTitle().equals(title) && !b.isBorrowed()) .findFirst() .orElse(null); if (book == null) { System.out.println("图书不可借阅(可能不存在或已被借出)"); } else { user.borrowBook(book); } } private void returnBook() { System.out.print("输入用户名:"); String userName = scanner.nextLine(); User user = users.stream() .filter(u -> u.getName().equals(userName)) .findFirst() .orElse(null); if (user == null) { System.out.println("用户不存在!"); return; } List borrowed = user.getBorrowedBooks(); if (borrowed.isEmpty()) { System.out.println("你没有借任何书。"); return; } System.out.println("你借的书:"); for (int i = 0; i < borrowed.size(); i++) { System.out.println((i + 1) + ". " + borrowed.get(i).getTitle()); } System.out.print("选择要归还的书编号:"); int index = scanner.nextInt() - 1; if (index >= 0 && index < borrowed.size()) { user.returnBook(borrowed.get(index)); } else { System.out.println("无效编号!"); } } public static void main(String[] args) { Library library = new Library(); library.start(); } }
基本上就这些。这个简易系统实现了图书的增删查、用户借阅与归还的基本流程。虽然没有用数据库,但通过内存集合模拟了核心逻辑,适合学习Java基础语法、类设计和集合操作。后续可扩展加入文件存储、图形界面(Swing/JavaFX)或Spring Boot做Web版。










