Java嵌套循环中结构化数据收集与处理的最佳实践

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int[] quizzes;    // 存储测验成绩
    private int[] midterms;   // 存储期中成绩
    private int[] finals;     // 存储期末成绩

    // 构造函数：用于创建Student对象并初始化其属性
    public Student(String name, int numberOfQuizzes, int numberOfMidterms, int numberOfFinals) {
        this.name = name;
        this.quizzes = new int[numberOfQuizzes];
        this.midterms = new int[numberOfMidterms];
        this.finals = new int[numberOfFinals];
    }

    // Getter 方法：允许外部访问私有属性
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int[] getQuizzes() {
        return quizzes;
    }

    public int[] getMidterms() {
        return midterms;
    }

    public int[] getFinals() {
        return finals;
    }

    // Setter 方法：允许外部修改私有属性（如果需要）
    public void setQuizMark(int index, int mark) {
        if (index >= 0 && index < quizzes.length) {
            this.quizzes[index] = mark;
        } else {
            System.out.println("Invalid quiz index.");
        }
    }

    public void setMidtermMark(int index, int mark) {
        if (index >= 0 && index < midterms.length) {
            this.midterms[index] = mark;
        } else {
            System.out.println("Invalid midterm index.");
        }
    }

    public void setFinalMark(int index, int mark) {
        if (index >= 0 && index < finals.length) {
            this.finals[index] = mark;
        } else {
            System.out.println("Invalid final index.");
        }
    }

    // 辅助方法：计算平均测验成绩
    public double getAverageQuizScore() {
        if (quizzes.length == 0) return 0.0;
        int sum = 0;
        for (int mark : quizzes) {
            sum += mark;
        }
        return (double) sum / quizzes.length;
    }

    // 可以添加更多计算方法，例如总分、平均分等
}

import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentManagement {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("How many students do you want to enter?");
        int numberOfStudents = 0;
        // 输入验证，确保用户输入的是一个整数
        while (!input.hasNextInt()) {
            System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter a number.");
            input.next(); // 消费掉无效输入
        }
        numberOfStudents = input.nextInt();
        input.nextLine(); // 消费掉换行符，避免影响后续的nextLine()

        // 定义每个学生需要输入的测验、期中、期末数量
        final int NUM_QUIZZES = 2;
        final int NUM_MIDTERMS = 1;
        final int NUM_FINALS = 1;

        // 创建Student对象数组来存储所有学生的信息
        Student[] students = new Student[numberOfStudents];

        for (int stIndex = 0; stIndex < numberOfStudents; stIndex++) {
            System.out.println("\n--- Entering data for Student " + (stIndex + 1) + " ---");
            System.out.println("Enter the name for student " + (stIndex + 1) + ":");
            String studentName = input.nextLine(); // 读取整行姓名

            // 创建新的Student对象
            students[stIndex] = new Student(studentName, NUM_QUIZZES, NUM_MIDTERMS, NUM_FINALS);

            // 收集测验成绩
            for (int qzIndex = 0; qzIndex < NUM_QUIZZES; qzIndex++) {
                System.out.println("Enter quiz mark " + (qzIndex + 1) + " for " + studentName + ":");
                int quizMark = 0;
                while (!input.hasNextInt()) {
                    System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer mark.");
                    input.next();
                }
                quizMark = input.nextInt();
                students[stIndex].setQuizMark(qzIndex, quizMark);
            }
            input.nextLine(); // 消费掉数字输入后的换行符

            // 收集期中成绩
            for (int mtIndex = 0; mtIndex < NUM_MIDTERMS; mtIndex++) {
                System.out.println("Enter midterm mark " + (mtIndex + 1) + " for " + studentName + ":");
                int midtermMark = 0;
                while (!input.hasNextInt()) {
                    System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer mark.");
                    input.next();
                }
                midtermMark = input.nextInt();
                students[stIndex].setMidtermMark(mtIndex, midtermMark);
            }
            input.nextLine(); // 消费掉数字输入后的换行符

            // 收集期末成绩
            for (int fnIndex = 0; fnIndex < NUM_FINALS; fnIndex++) {
                System.out.println("Enter final mark " + (fnIndex + 1) + " for " + studentName + ":");
                int finalMark = 0;
                while (!input.hasNextInt()) {
                    System.out.println("Invalid input. Please enter an integer mark.");
                    input.next();
                }
                finalMark = input.nextInt();
                students[stIndex].setFinalMark(fnIndex, finalMark);
            }
            input.nextLine(); // 消费掉数字输入后的换行符
        }

        input.close();

        // 数据收集完成后，进行处理和展示
        System.out.println("\n--- All Students' Marks ---");
        for (Student student : students) {
            System.out.println("Student Name: " + student.getName());
            System.out.print("  Quizzes: ");
            for (int mark : student.getQuizzes()) {
                System.out.print(mark + " ");
            }
            System.out.println(" (Average: " + String.format("%.2f", student.getAverageQuizScore()) + ")");

            System.out.print("  Midterms: ");
            for (int mark : student.getMidterms()) {
                System.out.print(mark + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();

            System.out.print("  Finals: ");
            for (int mark : student.getFinals()) {
                System.out.print(mark + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("---------------------------");
        }
    }
}