Java中利用对象封装高效处理嵌套数据收集与管理

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private int[] quizzes;
    private int[] midterms;
    private int[] finals;

    // 构造函数：用于初始化Student对象
    public Student(String name, int numberOfQuizzes, int numberOfMidterms, int numberOfFinals) {
        this.name = name;
        this.quizzes = new int[numberOfQuizzes];
        this.midterms = new int[numberOfMidterms];
        this.finals = new int[numberOfFinals];
    }

    // Getter和Setter方法 (可选，但推荐用于良好的封装性)
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int[] getQuizzes() {
        return quizzes;
    }

    public void setQuizzes(int[] quizzes) {
        this.quizzes = quizzes;
    }

    public int[] getMidterms() {
        return midterms;
    }

    public void setMidterms(int[] midterms) {
        this.midterms = midterms;
    }

    public int[] getFinals() {
        return finals;
    }

    public void setFinals(int[] finals) {
        this.finals = finals;
    }

    // 示例：计算学生总分的方法
    public int calculateTotalScore() {
        int total = 0;
        for (int score : quizzes) {
            total += score;
        }
        for (int score : midterms) {
            total += score;
        }
        for (int score : finals) {
            total += score;
        }
        return total;
    }

    // 示例：打印学生所有成绩的方法
    public void printAllScores() {
        System.out.println("学生姓名: " + name);
        System.out.print("  测验成绩: ");
        for (int i = 0; i < quizzes.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(quizzes[i] + (i == quizzes.length - 1 ? "" : ", "));
        }
        System.out.println();

        System.out.print("  期中成绩: ");
        for (int i = 0; i < midterms.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(midterms[i] + (i == midterms.length - 1 ? "" : ", "));
        }
        System.out.println();

        System.out.print("  期末成绩: ");
        for (int i = 0; i < finals.length; i++) {
            System.out.print(finals[i] + (i == finals.length - 1 ? "" : ", "));
        }
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("  总分: " + calculateTotalScore());
    }
}

import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class GradeSystem {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("请输入要录入的学生数量：");
        int numberOfStudents = 0;
        try {
            numberOfStudents = input.nextInt();
        } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
            System.out.println("输入无效，请输入一个整数。");
            input.close();
            return;
        }
        input.nextLine(); // 消耗掉nextInt()留下的换行符

        // 定义每个学生的测验、期中和期末数量
        final int NUM_QUIZZES = 2;
        final int NUM_MIDTERMS = 1;
        final int NUM_FINALS = 1;

        Student[] students = new Student[numberOfStudents]; // 创建Student对象数组

        for (int stNumber = 0; stNumber < numberOfStudents; stNumber++) {
            System.out.println("\n--- 录入第 " + (stNumber + 1) + " 位学生信息 ---");
            System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
            String studentName = input.nextLine();

            // 创建新的Student对象
            Student currentStudent = new Student(studentName, NUM_QUIZZES, NUM_MIDTERMS, NUM_FINALS);

            // 收集测验成绩
            for (int qzNumber = 0; qzNumber < NUM_QUIZZES; qzNumber++) {
                System.out.println("请输入第 " + (qzNumber + 1) + " 次测验成绩：");
                try {
                    currentStudent.getQuizzes()[qzNumber] = input.nextInt();
                } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
                    System.out.println("输入无效，请输入一个整数成绩。");
                    input.nextLine(); // 清除错误输入
                    qzNumber--; // 重新输入当前成绩
                    continue;
                }
            }
            input.nextLine(); // 消耗掉nextInt()留下的换行符

            // 收集期中成绩
            for (int mtNumber = 0; mtNumber < NUM_MIDTERMS; mtNumber++) {
                System.out.println("请输入第 " + (mtNumber + 1) + " 次期中成绩：");
                try {
                    currentStudent.getMidterms()[mtNumber] = input.nextInt();
                } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
                    System.out.println("输入无效，请输入一个整数成绩。");
                    input.nextLine();
                    mtNumber--;
                    continue;
                }
            }
            input.nextLine(); // 消耗掉nextInt()留下的换行符

            // 收集期末成绩
            for (int fnNumber = 0; fnNumber < NUM_FINALS; fnNumber++) {
                System.out.println("请输入第 " + (fnNumber + 1) + " 次期末成绩：");
                try {
                    currentStudent.getFinals()[fnNumber] = input.nextInt();
                } catch (InputMismatchException e) {
                    System.out.println("输入无效，请输入一个整数成绩。");
                    input.nextLine();
                    fnNumber--;
                    continue;
                }
            }
            input.nextLine(); // 消耗掉nextInt()留下的换行符

            // 将当前学生对象存储到数组中
            students[stNumber] = currentStudent;
        }

        input.close();

        // 打印所有学生的成绩信息
        System.out.println("\n--- 所有学生成绩概览 ---");
        for (Student student : students) {
            if (student != null) {
                student.printAllScores();
                System.out.println("--------------------");
            }
        }
    }
}