在Java中如何捕获和处理TimeoutException_超时异常处理技巧

ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
Future<String> future = executor.submit(() -> {
    Thread.sleep(3000);
    return "任务完成";
});

try {
    String result = future.get(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS); // 设置2秒超时
    System.out.println(result);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
    System.err.println("线程被中断");
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
    System.err.println("任务执行出错: " + e.getCause().getMessage());
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
    System.err.println("操作超时：任务在规定时间内未完成");
    // 可选择取消任务
    future.cancel(true);
} finally {
    executor.shutdown();
}

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> {
    try {
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        return "远程调用成功";
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}).orTimeout(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 .exceptionally(ex -> {
     if (ex instanceof TimeoutException) {
         System.err.println("异步操作超时，返回默认值");
         return "默认响应";
     } else {
         System.err.println("其他异常: " + ex.getMessage());
         return "错误响应";
     }
 }).thenAccept(System.out::println);

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> callRemoteService())
    .completeOnTimeout("备用数据", 2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
    .thenAccept(System.out::println);