深入理解Redisearch全文本索引与Python客户端查询机制

import redis
from redis.commands.json.path import Path
from redis.commands.search.field import TextField, NumericField
from redis.commands.search.indexDefinition import IndexDefinition, IndexType
from redis.commands.search.query import Query

# 示例数据
d1 = {"key": "shahrukh khan", "pl": '{"d": "mvtv", "id": "1234-a", "img": "foo.jpg", "t": "act", "tme": "1965-"}', "org": "1", "p": 100}
d2 = {"key": "salman khan", "pl": '{"d": "mvtv", "id": "1236-a", "img": "fool.jpg", "t": "act", "tme": "1965-"}', "org": "1", "p": 100}
d3 = {"key": "aamir khan", "pl": '{"d": "mvtv", "id": "1237-a", "img": "fooler.jpg", "t": "act", "tme": "1965-"}', "org": "1", "p": 100}

# 定义索引 Schema
schema = (
    TextField("$.key", as_name="key"),
    NumericField("$.p", as_name="p"),
)

# 连接Redis
r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379, decode_responses=True)
rs = r.ft("idx:au") # 获取搜索客户端实例

# 创建索引
try:
    rs.create_index(
        schema,
        definition=IndexDefinition(
            prefix=["au:"], index_type=IndexType.JSON
        )
    )
    print("索引 'idx:au' 创建成功或已存在。")
except Exception as e:
    # 如果索引已存在，Redisearch会抛出错误，此处忽略或进行日志记录
    if "Index already exists" not in str(e):
        print(f"创建索引失败: {e}")

# 插入数据
r.json().set("au:mvtv-1234-a", Path.root_path(), d1)
r.json().set("au:mvtv-1236-a", Path.root_path(), d2)
r.json().set("au:mvtv-1237-a", Path.root_path(), d3)
print("数据插入完成。")

# 尝试执行一个单字符查询
initial_query_result = rs.search(Query("s"))
print(f"查询 's' 的结果: {initial_query_result}")

# 正确的前缀查询示例
correct_prefix_query_result = rs.search(Query("sa*"))
print(f"查询 'sa*' 的结果: {correct_prefix_query_result}")

# 预期输出将包含 'salman khan' 的文档
# Result{1 total, docs: [Document {'id': 'au:mvtv-1236-a', 'payload': None, 'json': '{"key":"salman khan", ...}'}]}

# 指定字段进行前缀查询
field_specific_query_result = rs.search(Query("@key:sa*"))
print(f"查询 '@key:sa*' 的结果: {field_specific_query_result}")

# 预期输出与 'sa*' 查询结果相同，但查询范围更精确
# Result{1 total, docs: [Document {'id': 'au:mvtv-1236-a', 'payload': None, 'json': '{"key":"salman khan", ...}'}]}