Go语言中将HTTP请求中的JSON数组转换为结构体切片

[
  {"name": "Rob"},
  {"name": "John"}
]

package main

// User 结构体定义，用于匹配JSON中的单个用户对象
type User struct {
    // `json:"name"` 是结构体标签（struct tag），
    // 它告诉encoding/json包，JSON字段 "name" 应该映射到 Go 结构体的 Name 字段。
    Name string `json:"name"`
}

import (
    "io"
    "net/http"
)

// handleUsers 处理包含JSON用户数组的HTTP请求
func handleUsers(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    // 确保请求方法是POST或其他适当的方法
    if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
        http.Error(w, "Method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
        return
    }

    // 从请求体中读取所有数据到字节切片
    // 在Go 1.16+中，推荐使用io.ReadAll代替ioutil.ReadAll
    body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, "Failed to read request body", http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }
    defer r.Body.Close() // 确保请求体被关闭

    // ... 接下来进行JSON反序列化
}

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "net/http"
)

// User 结构体定义
type User struct {
    Name string `json:"name"`
}

// handleUsers 处理包含JSON用户数组的HTTP请求
func handleUsers(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
        http.Error(w, "Method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
        return
    }

    body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, "Failed to read request body", http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }
    defer r.Body.Close()

    // 声明一个User结构体切片，用于接收反序列化后的数据
    var users []User

    // 使用json.Unmarshal将字节切片反序列化到users切片中
    err = json.Unmarshal(body, &users)
    if err != nil {
        // 如果JSON格式不正确，Unmarshal会返回错误
        http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to unmarshal JSON: %v", err), http.StatusBadRequest)
        return
    }

    // 此时，users切片已经包含了从JSON数组中解析出的所有User对象
    fmt.Printf("Received users: %+v\n", users)

    // 可以进一步处理这些用户数据，例如保存到数据库等
    // 这里简单返回成功响应
    w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
    w.Write([]byte("Users processed successfully"))
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/users", handleUsers)
    fmt.Println("Server listening on :8080")
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

go run your_file_name.go

curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '[{"name": "Alice"}, {"name": "Bob"}]' http://localhost:8080/users

Server listening on :8080
Received users: [{Name:Alice} {Name:Bob}]

Users processed successfully