Golang如何设计模块化的错误管理体系_Golang error架构化设计方案

type BusinessError struct {
    Code    string
    Message string
    Cause   error
}

func (e *BusinessError) Error() string {
    return e.Message
}

if err := repo.GetUser(id); err != nil {
    return fmt.Errorf("failed to get user from repository: %w", 
                      &BusinessError{Code: "USER_NOT_FOUND", Message: "用户不存在"})
}

func wrapError(op, module string, err error) error {
    return fmt.Errorf("[%s/%s] %v", module, op, err)
}

func ErrorHandler(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
    return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        defer func() {
            if rec := recover(); rec != nil {
                log.Printf("panic: %v", rec)
                RenderJSON(w, 500, "系统内部错误")
            }
        }()

        next(w, r)

        // 捕获error并判断类型
        if err := GetErrorFromContext(r); err != nil {
            switch e := err.(type) {
            case *BusinessError:
                log.Printf("business error: %s (%s)", e.Code, e.Message)
                RenderJSON(w, 400, map[string]string{
                    "code":    e.Code,
                    "message": e.Message,
                })
            case *ThirdPartyError:
                log.Printf("external service failed: %v", e.Cause)
                RenderJSON(w, 503, "服务暂时不可用")
            default:
                log.Printf("unexpected error: %v", err)
                RenderJSON(w, 500, "系统内部错误")
            }
        }
    }
}

const (
    ErrUserNotFound      = "USR-001"
    ErrInvalidAmount     = "PAY-102"
    ErrDatabaseOperation = "DB-500"
)