Django与SQL Server连接配置：解决实例名转义问题与最佳实践

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'mssql',
        'NAME': "reporting",
        'HOST': 'DESKTOP-RC52TD0\SQL2022', # 尝试使用实例名
        'PORT': 1433,
        'USER': "sa",
        'PASSWORD': "Root_1421",
        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server',
        },
    }
}

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'mssql',
        'NAME': 'reporting',
        'HOST': '192.168.211.225,56985', # 使用IP地址和端口，以逗号分隔
        'PORT': '', # 留空
        'USER': 'your_username',
        'PASSWORD': 'your_password',
        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server',
        },
    }
}

version: '3'

services:
  web:
    image: landsoft/reporting-api
    network_mode: host # 注意：生产环境建议使用自定义网络而非host模式
    build:
      context: ./app
    command: >
      sh -c "python manage.py migrate &&
             python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000"
    volumes:
      - ./app:/code
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    environment:
      - DB_HOST="192.168.211.225,56985" # 关键：将IP和端口作为HOST变量
      - DB_NAME=reporting
      - DB_USER=sa
      - DB_PASSWORD=Root_1421
      # - DB_PORT="" # 如果HOST中已包含端口，则无需设置DB_PORT

import environ

env = environ.Env(
    # 定义默认值和类型
    DB_HOST=(str, 'localhost'),
    DB_NAME=(str, 'default_db'),
    DB_USER=(str, 'user'),
    DB_PASSWORD=(str, 'password'),
    DB_PORT=(str, ''), # 注意这里是str类型，以支持空字符串
)

# 读取 .env 文件
environ.Env.read_env()

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'mssql',
        'NAME': env('DB_NAME'),
        'HOST': env('DB_HOST'),
        'PORT': env('DB_PORT'), # 从环境变量读取，此时可能为空字符串
        'USER': env('DB_USER'),
        'PASSWORD': env('DB_PASSWORD'),
        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server',
        },
    }
}

FROM ubuntu:18.04
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND noninteractive

# 安装基本依赖和Microsoft GPG Key
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl apt-transport-https python3 python3-pip python3-venv python-dev locales nano gnupg2
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -
RUN curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/18.04/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list

# 安装ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server及其依赖
ENV ACCEPT_EULA=Y
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install msodbcsql17 freetds-dev tdsodbc unixodbc-dev

# 安装mssql-tools (可选，用于命令行工具如sqlcmd)
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install mssql-tools
RUN echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc
RUN /bin/bash -c "source ~/.bashrc"

# 设置Python环境和安装Python依赖
WORKDIR /code
COPY requirements.txt /code/

RUN python3 -m venv /venv
ENV PATH="/venv/bin:$PATH"
RUN /venv/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip && 
    /venv/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt -v

COPY . /code/

# 配置Locale
RUN echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen
RUN locale-gen

Django==3.2.23
mssql-django==1.3
djangorestframework>=3.12.4,<=3.13
drf-spectacular>=0.15.1,<=0.16
Pillow>=8.2.0,<=8.3.0
django-environ>=0.11.2,<=0.12