三步FTP实现PHP上传文件代码剖析_PHP教程-php教程-PHP中文网

想知道上传文件的详细步骤吗，下面我就带大家一起详细分析一下吧。利用php，你总是可以有多种方式来完成某个特定的任务。我们就拿文件上传举个例子。当然了，你可以按照传统的方式来使用http文件上传，把文件直接传输到web服务器磁盘上。你还可以用更加奇异的方式上传，用ftp协议两步就完成上传：从你的本地硬盘到web服务器，然后再到ftp服务器。

PHP在本机同时支持FTP和HTTP上传，所以你可以根据自己应用程序的设计需要进行最佳的选择。使用PHP的FTP函数进行文件传输几乎与使用传统的FTP客户端相同——你会看到连函数的名字都和标准的FTP命令类似。关于HTTP文件上传的文章已经多得满天飞了，这就是为什么本文有必要把注意力放在基于FTP的文件上传上了（但是在后面给出的例子中，两种方式你都会看到）。要注意的是，本教程假设你已经安装好了PHP／Apache，而且HTTP文件上传和FTP的函数都已经激活了。本文可以从这里下载，所有的源代码都以单独的文本方式列出来了。

第一步：确信你拥有连接／上传到FTP服务器的权限

PHP的FTP函数需要客户端－服务器连接，所以你需要在进行文件上传之前登录到目标服务器上。你的第一项任务是确信你已经拥有了完成这项任务的信任书。这一步可能看起来是理所当然的，但是你会惊奇地发现有多少开发人员忘了这么做，结果后来浪费大量的时间来解决因此而出现的问题。你可以通过使用命令行的FTP客户端登录到目标服务器上，以检查连接状况并尝试上传一个假文件。

PHP上传文件代码列表A

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<OL class=dp-xml><LI class=alt><SPAN><SPAN>$ftp  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>ftp</SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>opensome.host.com  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>Connectedtosome.host.com.  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>220WelcometoleonFTPServer!  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>User:upload  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>331Useruploadokay,needpassword.  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>Password:***  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>230Restricteduserloggedin.  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>ftp</SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>bin  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>200Typeokay.  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>ftp</SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>hash  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>HashmarkprintingOn?ftp:(2048bytes/hashmark).  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>ftp</SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>putfile.bin  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>200PORTcommandsuccessful.  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>150OpeningBINARYmodedataconnection.  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>##  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>226Transfercompleted.  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>ftp:4289bytessentin0.00Seconds4289000.00Kbytes/sec.  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>ftp</SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>bye  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>221Goodbye. </SPAN></LI></OL>

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一旦确认有相关的访问权限，你就可以登录出来。

第二步：创建上传表单

代码小浣熊

代码小浣熊是基于商汤大语言模型的软件智能研发助手，覆盖软件需求分析、架构设计、代码编写、软件测试等环节

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然后，创建一个简单的HTML表单，向用户询问重要的参数——FTP服务器的访问信息、服务器上传的目录，以及完整的目录和上传文件的名字。下面这个例子就是这个表单的样式。

PHP上传文件代码列表B

<OL class=dp-xml><LI class=alt><SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>html</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN></SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>head</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN><SPAN class=tag></</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>head</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>body</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN></SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>h2</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN>Pleaseprovidethefollowinginformation:</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag></</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>h2</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN> </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>formenctype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>formenctype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="multipart/form-data"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>method</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="post"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>action</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>=</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>"upload.php"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>inputtype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>inputtype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="hidden"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>name</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="MAX_FILE_SIZE"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>value</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>=</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>"5000000"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>/></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>Host</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>br</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>inputtype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>inputtype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="text"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>name</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="host"</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>p</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>Username</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>br</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>inputtype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>inputtype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="text"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>name</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="user"</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>p</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>Password</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>br</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>inputtype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>inputtype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="password"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>name</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="pass"</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>p</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>Destinationdirectory</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>br</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>inputtype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>inputtype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="text"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>name</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="dir"</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>p</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>File</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>br</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>inputtype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>inputtype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="file"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>name</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="file"</SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>p</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>/></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>inputtype</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>inputtype</FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN>="submit"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>name</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>="submit"</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute><FONT color=#ff0000>value</FONT></SPAN><SPAN>=</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value><FONT color=#0000ff>"UploadFile"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=tag><STRONG><FONT color=#006699>/></FONT></STRONG></SPAN><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag></</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>form</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN></SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag></</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>body</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN></SPAN><STRONG><FONT color=#006699><SPAN class=tag></</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>html</SPAN><SPAN class=tag>></SPAN></FONT></STRONG><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN></LI></OL>

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在这里，元素用来生成文件选择对话框，用户通过它来选择要被上传的文件。元素然后就把表单数据编码成为多个部分提交，这可以让PHP更容易地识别提交的文件组件。

第三步：创建PHP上传处理程序

一旦表单被提交给了Web服务器，下一步（也是最后一步）是使用PHP的FTP函数按照用户提供的访问信任书把它传输到目标服务器上。下面就是完成上述所有工作的脚本（upload.php）。

PHP上传文件代码列表C

<OL class=dp-xml><LI class=alt><SPAN><SPAN class=tag><?</SPAN><SPAN class=tag-name>php</SPAN><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>//getFTPaccessparameters  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>host</SPAN><SPAN>=$_POST['host'];  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>user</SPAN><SPAN>=$_POST['user'];$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>pass</SPAN><SPAN>=$_POST['pass'];  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>destDir</SPAN><SPAN>=$_POST['dir'];  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>workDir</SPAN><SPAN>=</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value>"/usr/local/temp"</SPAN><SPAN>;//definethisasperlocalsystem  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>//gettemporaryfilenamefortheuploadedfile  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>tmpName</SPAN><SPAN>=</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value>basename</SPAN><SPAN>($_FILES['file']['tmp_name']);  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>//copyuploadedfileintocurrentdirectory  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>move_uploaded_file($_FILES['file']['tmp_name'],$workDir."/".$tmpName)ordie("Cannotmoveuploadedfiletoworkingdirectory");  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>//openconnection  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>conn</SPAN><SPAN>=</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value>ftp_connect</SPAN><SPAN>($host)ordie("Cannotinitiateconnectiontohost");  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>//sendaccessparameters  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>ftp_login($conn,$user,$pass)ordie("Cannotlogin");  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>//performfileupload  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>$</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute>upload</SPAN><SPAN>=</SPAN><SPAN class=attribute-value>ftp_put</SPAN><SPAN>($conn,$destDir."/".$_FILES['file']['name'],$workDir."/".$tmpName,FTP_BINARY);  </SPAN></SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>//checkuploadstatus  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>//displaymessage  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>if(!$upload){  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>echo"Cannotupload";  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>}else{  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>echo"Uploadcomplete";  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>}  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>//closetheFTPstream  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>ftp_close($conn);  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN>//deletelocalcopyofuploadedfile  </SPAN><LI class=alt><SPAN>unlink($workDir."/".$tmpName)ordie("Cannotdeleteuploadedfilefromworkingdirectory--manualdeletionrecommended");  </SPAN><LI class=""><SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=tag>?></SPAN><SPAN> </SPAN></SPAN></LI></OL>

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