我们都知道,类的私有属性在类外部是不可访问的,包括子类中也是不可访问的。比如如下代码:
<code><span><span><?php</span>
<span>class</span> Example1{
<span>private</span> <span>$</span><span>_prop</span> = <span>'test'</span>;
}
<span>$</span><span>r</span> = <span>function</span>(Example1 <span>$</span><span>e</span>){
<span>return</span> <span>$</span><span>e</span>->_prop;
};
<span>$</span><span>a</span> = <span>new</span> Example1();
var_dump(<span>$</span><span>r</span>(<span>$</span><span>a</span>));
<span>//运行结果:Fatal error: Cannot access private property Example1::$_prop</span>
<span>?></span>
</span></code>1.利用反射
<code><span><span><?php</span>
<span>class</span> Example1{
<span>private</span> <span>$</span><span>_prop</span> = <span>'test'</span>;
}
<span>$</span><span>r</span> = <span>function</span>(Example1 <span>$</span><span>e</span>){
<span>return</span> <span>$</span><span>e</span>->_prop;
};
<span>$</span><span>a</span> = <span>new</span> Example1();
<span>$</span><span>rfp</span> = <span>new</span> ReflectionProperty(<span>'Example1'</span>,<span>'_prop'</span>);
<span>$</span><span>rfp</span>->setAccessible(<span>true</span>);
var_dump(<span>$</span><span>rfp</span>->getValue(<span>$</span><span>a</span>));
<span>//结果输出:string 'test' (length=4)</span>
<span>?></span>
</span></code>2.利用Closure::bind()
此方法是php 5.4.0中新增的。
<code><span><span><?php</span>
<span>class</span> Example1{
<span>private</span> <span>$</span><span>_prop</span> = <span>'test'</span>;
}
<span>$</span><span>r</span> = <span>function</span>(Example1 <span>$</span><span>e</span>){
<span>return</span> <span>$</span><span>e</span>->_prop;
};
<span>$</span><span>a</span> = <span>new</span> Example1();
<span>$</span><span>r</span> = Closure::bind(<span>$</span><span>r</span>,<span>null</span>,<span>$</span><span>a</span>);
var_dump(<span>$</span><span>r</span>(<span>$</span><span>a</span>));
<span>//结果输出:string 'test' (length=4)</span>
<span>?></span>
</span></code><code><span><span><?php</span>
<span>class</span> Example1{
<span>private</span> <span>$</span><span>_prop</span> = <span>'test'</span>;
}
<span>$</span><span>a</span> = <span>new</span> Example1();
<span>$</span><span>r</span> = Closure::bind(<span>function</span> & (Example1 <span>$</span><span>e</span>) {
<span>return</span> <span>$</span><span>e</span>->_prop;
}, <span>null</span>, <span>$</span><span>a</span>);
<span>$</span><span>cake</span> = & <span>$</span><span>r</span>(<span>$</span><span>a</span>);
<span>$</span><span>cake</span> = <span>'lie'</span>;
var_dump(<span>$</span><span>r</span>(<span>$</span><span>a</span>));
<span>//结果输出:string 'lie' (length=3)</span>
</span></code><code><span><span><?php</span>
<span>$</span><span>reader</span> = <span>function</span> & (<span>$</span><span>object</span>, <span>$</span><span>property</span>) {
<span>$</span><span>value</span> = & Closure::bind(<span>function</span> & () <span>use</span> (<span>$</span><span>property</span>) {
<span>return</span> <span>$</span><span>this</span>-><span>$</span><span>property</span>;
}, <span>$</span><span>object</span>, <span>$</span><span>object</span>)->__invoke();
<span>return</span> <span>$</span><span>value</span>;
};
<span>?></span>
</span></code>Closure::bind()还有一个很有用之处,我们可以利用这一特性来给一个类动态的添加方法。官方文档中给了这么一个例子:
<code><span><span><?php</span>
trait MetaTrait
{
<span>private</span> <span>$</span><span>methods</span> = <span>array</span>();
<span>public</span> <span>function</span> addMethod(<span>$</span><span>methodName</span>, <span>$</span><span>methodCallable</span>)
{
<span>if</span> (!is_callable(<span>$</span><span>methodCallable</span>)) {
<span>throw</span> <span>new</span> InvalidArgumentException(<span>'Second param must be callable'</span>);
}
<span>$</span><span>this</span>->methods[<span>$</span><span>methodName</span>] = Closure::bind(<span>$</span><span>methodCallable</span>, <span>$</span><span>this</span>, get_class());
}
<span>public</span> <span>function</span> __call(<span>$</span><span>methodName</span>, <span>array</span> <span>$</span><span>args</span>)
{
<span>if</span> (<span>isset</span>(<span>$</span><span>this</span>->methods[<span>$</span><span>methodName</span>])) {
<span>return</span> call_user_func_array(<span>$</span><span>this</span>->methods[<span>$</span><span>methodName</span>], <span>$</span><span>args</span>);
}
<span>throw</span> RunTimeException(<span>'There is no method with the given name to call'</span>);
}
}
<span>class</span> HackThursday {
<span>use</span> MetaTrait;
<span>private</span> <span>$</span><span>dayOfWeek</span> = <span>'Thursday'</span>;
}
<span>$</span><span>test</span> = <span>new</span> HackThursday();
<span>$</span><span>test</span>->addMethod(<span>"addedMethod"</span>,<span>function</span>(){
<span>return</span> <span>'我是被动态添加进来的方法'</span>;
});
<span>echo</span> <span>$</span><span>test</span>->addedMethod();
<span>//结果输出:我是被动态添加进来的方法</span>
<span>?></span></span></code>以上就介绍了php中类外部访问类私有属性的方法,包括了方面的内容,希望对PHP教程有兴趣的朋友有所帮助。
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