浅析nginx的安装与使用（收藏）

$ sudo yum install yum-utils -y

#手动写入rpm源
# 在  /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo 写入如下内容

[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

$ sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline
$ sudo yum install nginx -y

server {
    listen       80 default_server;
    listen       [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name  chuchur.com www.chuchur.com;
    #/rest/ 开头的转到7002
    location /rest/ {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:7002/;
        proxy_redirect  off;
        proxy_set_header        HOST  $host;
        proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_send_timeout      300;
        proxy_read_timeout      300;
    }

    #其他的转发到7001
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:7001;
        proxy_redirect  off;
        proxy_set_header        HOST  $host;
        proxy_set_header        X-Real-IP       $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header        X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_send_timeout      300;
        proxy_read_timeout      300;
    }
}

#gzip on
upstream node_server{
    server 192.168.0.1:8001 weight=10;
    server 192.168.0.2:8001 weight=20;
}

server{
    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;

    location /{
        proxy_pass http://node_server;
        root html;
        index index.html index.htm;
    }
}

# 1. 配置 http
##cache##
proxy_connect_timeout 500;
#跟后端服务器连接的超时时间_发起握手等候响应超时时间
proxy_read_timeout 600;
#连接成功后_等候后端服务器响应的时间_其实已经进入后端的排队之中等候处理
proxy_send_timeout 500;
#后端服务器数据回传时间_就是在规定时间内后端服务器必须传完所有数据
proxy_buffer_size 128k;
#代理请求缓存区_这个缓存区间会保存用户的头信息以供Nginx进行规则处理_一般只要能保存下头信息即可
proxy_buffers 4 128k;
#同上 告诉Nginx保存单个用的几个Buffer最大用多大空间
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
#如果系统很忙的时候可以申请更大的proxy_buffers 官方推荐*2
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
#proxy缓存临时文件的大小
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/temp;
#用于指定本地目录来缓冲较大的代理请求
proxy_cache_path /usr/local/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
#设置web缓存区名为cache_one,内存缓存空间大小为200M，自动清除超过1天没有被访问过的缓存数据，硬盘缓存空间大小30g
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

# 2.location上添加缓存
#静态数据保存时效
location ~ \.html$ {
      proxy_pass https://www.chuchur.com;
      proxy_redirect off;
      proxy_cache cache_one;
      #此处的cache_one必须于上一步配置的缓存区域名称相同
      proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
      proxy_cache_valid 301 302 1d;
      proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
      #不同的请求设置不同的缓存时效
      proxy_cache_key $uri$is_args$args;
      #生产缓存文件的key，通过4个string变量结合生成
      expires 30d;
      #其余类型的缓存时效为30天
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}


#图片等资源缓存30天
location ~ \.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|ico)$ {
    root /var/www/img/;
    expires 30d; #支持 时(h)分(s)秒(m)
}
#视频媒体资源永久缓存
location ~ \.(wma|wmv|asf|mp3|mmf|zip|rar|swf|flv)$ {
    root /var/www/upload/;
    expires max;

    #禁止缓存，每次都从服务器请求
    #add_header Cache-Control no-store;
}

location ~ /purge(/.*) {
    #删除指定缓存区域cache_one的特定缓存文件$1$is_args$args
    proxy_cache_purge cache_one $1$is_args$args;
    #运行本机和10.0.217.0网段的机器访问，拒绝其它所有
    allow           127.0.0.1;
    allow           10.0.217.0/24;
    deny          all;
}

location /ws/ {
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_http_version 1.1; #必须
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;#必须
    proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";#必须
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    ........
}

location ~* \.(gif|jpg|png|jpeg)$ {
    expires     30d;
    valid_referers none blocke *.chuchur.com www.chuchur.com m.chuchur.com *.baidu.com *.google.com;
    if ($invalid_referer) {
        rewrite ^/ https://chuchur.cn/404.jpg;
    }
}

server {
    listen       80 default_server;
    listen       [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name  chuchur.com www.chuchur.com;
    location / {
        root ~/www/html;
        index index.html;
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
    }
}

application/octet-stream eot;
application/font-sfnt ttf;
application/font-otf otf;
application/font-woff2 woff2;
application/font-woff woff;

location ~* .(eot|ttf|woff|svg|otf)$ {
  add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
}

#将Nginx的配置文件中的server_tokens选项值设置为off，如没有该配置项，加上即可。
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
...........    #省略内容
    http {
       include       mime.types;
       default_type  application/octet-stream;
       server_tokens     off;    #关闭版本号
............    #省略内容

nginx -t #检查查看配置文件路径,其配置是否正确
nginx -s reload # 重启
nginx -s quit #退出
ningx -s stop #停止

[error] 17823#17823: *21 open() "/var/www/html/index.html" failed (13: Permission denied), client: 101.228.94.31, server: _

 # user nginx;
user root;  ##root权限或其他
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

#proxy_set_header Host $host #注释掉这句

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Forward-For $remote_addr;

proxy_pass_request_body off;
fastcgi_pass_request_body off;
uwsgi_pass_request_body off #or scgi_pass_request_body off

sudo systemctl enable nginx.service
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
sudo systemctl status nginx.service