Python 的 f-strings 作用远超你的预期

str_value = "hello，python coders"
print(f"{ str_value = }")
# str_value = 'hello，python coders'

num_value = 123
print(f"{num_value % 2 = }")
# num_value % 2 = 1

import datetime
today = datetime.date.today()
print(f"{today: %Y%m%d}")
# 20211019
print(f"{today =: %Y%m%d}")
# today = 20211019

>>> a = 42
>>> f"{a:b}" # 2进制
'101010'
>>> f"{a:o}" # 8进制
'52'
>>> f"{a:x}" # 16进制，小写字母
'2a'
>>> f"{a:X}" # 16进制，大写字母
'2A'
>>> f"{a:c}" # ascii 码
'*'

>>> num_value = 123.456
>>> f'{num_value = :.2f}' #保留 2 位小数
'num_value = 123.46'
>>> nested_format = ".2f" #可以作为变量
>>> print(f'{num_value:{nested_format}}')
123.46

>>> x = 'test'
>>> f'{x:>10}' # 右对齐，左边补空格
'test'
>>> f'{x:*<10}'# 左对齐，右边补*
'test******'
>>> f'{x:=^10}'# 居中，左右补=
'===test==='
>>> x, n = 'test', 10
>>> f'{x:~^{n}}' # 可以传入变量 n
'~~~test~~~'
>>>

>>> x = '中'
>>> f"{x!s}" # 相当于 str(x)
'中'
>>> f"{x!r}" # 相当于 repr(x)
"'中'"

class MyClass:
def __format__(self, format_spec) -> str:
print(f'MyClass __format__ called with {format_spec=!r}')
return "MyClass()"
print(f'{MyClass():bala bala%%MYFORMAT%%}')

MyClass __format__ called with format_spec='bala bala%%MYFORMAT%%'
MyClass()