如何使用PHP和Vue.js开发安全的API接口

// index.php

<?php
// 引入路由类
require_once 'Router.php';

// 定义路由表
$router = new Router();
$router->addRoute('/api/users', 'UserController@index');
$router->addRoute('/api/user/{id}', 'UserController@show');
// ...

// 解析URL
$url = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'];
$route = $router->matchRoute($url);

// 检查访问权限
if ($route && checkAccess($_SESSION['user'], $route->getPath())) {
  // 执行相应的处理逻辑
  $controller = new $route->getController();
  $action = $route->getAction();
  $controller->$action();
} else {
  // 返回未授权错误
  header('HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized');
  echo json_encode(['error' => 'Unauthorized']);
}

// 检查访问权限
function checkAccess($user, $path) {
  // TODO: 根据用户角色和资源权限判断是否有权限访问
  return true;
}
?>

// UserController.php

<?php
class UserController {
  public function index() {
    // 输入验证
    $params = filter_input_array(INPUT_GET, [
      'pageIndex' => FILTER_VALIDATE_INT,
      'pageSize' => FILTER_VALIDATE_INT,
    ]);

    // 处理逻辑
    $pageIndex = $params['pageIndex'];
    $pageSize = $params['pageSize'];
    $users = User::findAll($pageIndex, $pageSize);

    // 返回结果
    header('Content-Type: application/json');
    echo json_encode($users);
  }

  // ...
}
?>

// AuthController.php

<?php
class AuthController {
  public function login() {
    // 输入验证
    $params = filter_input_array(INPUT_POST, [
      'username' => FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING,
      'password' => FILTER_SANITIZE_STRING,
    ]);

    // 验证用户名密码
    if (validateUser($params['username'], $params['password'])) {
      // 生成Token并存储到Session中
      $token = generateToken();
      $_SESSION['token'] = $token;

      // 返回Token
      header('Content-Type: application/json');
      echo json_encode(['token' => $token]);
    } else {
      // 返回登录失败错误
      header('HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized');
      echo json_encode(['error' => 'Unauthorized']);
    }
  }

  // ...
}
?>

// UserList.vue

<template>
  <!-- ... -->
  <button @click="loadUsers">Load Users</button>
  <ul>
    <li v-for="user in users" :key="user.id">{{ user.name }}</li>
  </ul>
  <!-- ... -->
</template>

<script>
import axios from 'axios';

export default {
  // ...
  data() {
    return {
      users: [],
    };
  },
  methods: {
    loadUsers() {
      axios.get('/api/users')
        .then(response => {
          this.users = response.data;
        })
        .catch(error => {
          console.error(error);
        });
    },
  },
};
</script>

// AuthForm.vue

<template>
  <!-- ... -->
  <form @submit="login">
    <input type="text" v-model="username" placeholder="Username">
    <input type="password" v-model="password" placeholder="Password">
    <button type="submit">Login</button>
  </form>
  <!-- ... -->
</template>

<script>
import axios from 'axios';

export default {
  // ...
  data() {
    return {
      username: '',
      password: '',
    };
  },
  methods: {
    login() {
      axios.post('/api/login', { username: this.username, password: this.password })
        .then(response => {
          const token = response.data.token;
          // 将Token安全地存储到LocalStorage中
          localStorage.setItem('token', token);
          // TODO: 跳转到其他页面
        })
        .catch(error => {
          console.error(error);
        });
    },
  },
};
</script>