Java使用Runtime类的exec()函数执行外部程序或命令

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class ExecExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 执行外部程序或者命令
            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls -l");

            // 获取外部程序或者命令的输出流
            InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

            // 读取输出流的内容
            String line;
            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }

            // 关闭输入流
            bufferedReader.close();
            inputStreamReader.close();
            inputStream.close();

            // 等待外部程序或者命令执行结束
            int exitCode = process.waitFor();
            System.out.println("Exit code: " + exitCode);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}