如何用PHP进行数据预处理与特征工程

$csvFile = 'data.csv';
$data = [];

if (($handle = fopen($csvFile, 'r')) !== false) {
    while (($row = fgetcsv($handle)) !== false) {
        $data[] = $row;
    }
    fclose($handle);
}

// 打印数据
print_r($data);

foreach ($data as &$row) {
    for ($i = 0; $i < count($row); $i++) {
        if ($row[$i] === null || $row[$i] === '') {
            // 填充缺失值为0
            $row[$i] = 0;
        }
    }
}

foreach ($data as &$row) {
    for ($i = 0; $i < count($row); $i++) {
        if ($row[$i] < $lowerThreshold || $row[$i] > $upperThreshold) {
            // 替换异常值为平均值
            $row[$i] = $meanValue;
        }
    }
}

$newData = [];
$uniqueKeys = [];

foreach ($data as $row) {
    $key = implode('-', $row);
    if (!in_array($key, $uniqueKeys)) {
        $newData[] = $row;
        $uniqueKeys[] = $key;
    }
}

// 更新数据
$data = $newData;

$categories = ['cat', 'dog', 'rabbit'];
$encodedData = [];

foreach ($data as $row) {
    $encodedRow = [];
    foreach ($row as $value) {
        if (in_array($value, $categories)) {
            // 使用数字编码离散特征值
            $encodedRow[] = array_search($value, $categories);
        } else {
            // 原样保留其他特征值
            $encodedRow[] = $value;
        }
    }
    $encodedData[] = $encodedRow;
}

$normalizedData = [];

foreach ($data as $row) {
    $mean = array_sum($row) / count($row); // 计算平均值
    $stdDev = sqrt(array_sum(array_map(function ($value) use ($mean) {
        return pow($value - $mean, 2);
    }, $row)) / count($row)); // 计算标准差

    $normalizedRow = array_map(function ($value) use ($mean, $stdDev) {
        // 标准化特征值
        return ($value - $mean) / $stdDev;
    }, $row);
    $normalizedData[] = $normalizedRow;
}

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use PhpmlClusteringKMeans;

$clusterer = new KMeans(3); // 设定聚类数为3
$clusterer->train($normalizedData);

$clusterLabels = $clusterer->predict($normalizedData);

// 打印聚类结果
print_r($clusterLabels);