重要的Spring学习内容：了解常用注解的使用指南

@Component
public class ExampleComponent {

    public void doSomething() {
        // do something
    }
}

@Component
public class ExampleService {

    private ExampleComponent exampleComponent;

    @Autowired
    public ExampleService(ExampleComponent exampleComponent) {
        this.exampleComponent = exampleComponent;
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setExampleComponent(ExampleComponent exampleComponent) {
        this.exampleComponent = exampleComponent;
    }

    @Autowired
    private void init(ExampleComponent exampleComponent) {
        this.exampleComponent = exampleComponent;
    }

    public void useExampleComponent() {
        exampleComponent.doSomething();
    }
}

@Configuration
public class ExampleConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public ExampleComponent exampleComponent() {
        return new ExampleComponent();
    }

    @Bean
    public ExampleService exampleService() {
        return new ExampleService(exampleComponent());
    }
}

@Component
public class ExampleProperties {

    @Value("${example.property}")
    private String propertyValue;

    @Value("${example.property.default:default-value}")
    private String propertyValueWithDefault;

    public String getPropertyValue() {
        return propertyValue;
    }

    public String getPropertyValueWithDefault() {
        return propertyValueWithDefault;
    }
}

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/example")
public class ExampleController {

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getExample() {
        return "example";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getExampleById(@PathVariable String id) {
        return "example " + id;
    }
}

@Service
public class ExampleService {

    @Transactional
    public void doSomething() {
        // do something
    }
}