java框架中日志记录和监控的最佳实践有哪些？

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;

public class Log4j2Example {

    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger(Log4j2Example.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        logger.debug("This is a debug log message.");
        logger.info("This is an information log message.");
        logger.warn("This is a warning log message.");
        logger.error("This is an error log message.");
    }
}

// 使用 Prometheus 客户端库：
import io.prometheus.client.Counter;

public class PrometheusExample {

    private static final Counter requestCounter = Counter.build()
            .name("total_requests")
            .help("Total number of HTTP requests")
            .register();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 记录 HTTP 请求计数：
        requestCounter.inc();
    }
}

// 使用 Grafana 仪表盘可视化指标：
[grafana-dashboard]
  title: "Prometheus Dashboard"
  panels:
    - type: singlestat
      title: "Total Requests"
      targets:
        - expr: "total_requests"