在 SpringBoot 中使用 MySQL 运行 docker-compose：数据库未连接到 Spring 应用程序
<p>我在 SpringBoot 中有一个微服务（产品服务），在 MySQL 中有一个数据库，并且希望在 Docker 中运行我的应用程序</p>
<p>我可以在本地运行该服务，没有任何错误。但是当我启动 Docker (docker-compose up --build) 时，它显示了一些连接错误。</p>
<p>我在 application.properties、Dockerfile、docker-compose、pom.xml 和错误中显示了我的代码。经过一番修改和询问朋友，错误依然存在。如果有人能帮助我，我将不胜感激:)</p>
<p>在 MySQL Workbench 中，我设置了一个与 URL <code>localhost:3306</code> 的连接，并在其中创建了一个 <code>testdb</code> 模式。</p>
<p>这是我的<code>application.properties</code></p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">spring.datasource.url= jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb
spring.datasource.username= abc
spring.datasource.password= def
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect= org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
#Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, validate, update)
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto= update</pre>
<p>这是 Dockerfile</p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">FROM maven:3.8.3-openjdk-17 AS build
WORKDIR /app
COPY mvnw .
COPY .mvn .mvn
COPY pom.xml .
COPY src src
RUN mvn install -DskipTests
RUN mkdir -p target/dependency && (cd target/dependency; jar -xf ../*.jar)
FROM openjdk:17-jdk-slim
VOLUME /tmp
ARG DEPENDENCY=/app/target/dependency
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/lib /app/lib
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/META-INF /app/META-INF
COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/classes /app
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-cp","app:app/lib/*","com.example.helloworld.EcommerceApplication"]
EXPOSE 8080</pre>
<p>这是 docker-compose.yml</p>
<pre class="lang-yaml prettyprint-override"><code>version: "3.9"
services:
product-service:
container_name: product-service
build:
context: .
dockerfile: Dockerfile
links:
- database
depends_on:
- database
environment:
- SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL=jdbc:mysql://mysql:3306/testdb
#- SPRING_DATASOURCE_USERNAME=abc
#- SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD=def
- SPRING_JPA_PROPERTIES_HIBERNATE_DIALECT=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect
- SPRING_JPA_HIBERNATE_DDL-AUTO=update
- SPRING_JPA_SHOW-SQL= true
ports:
- 8080:8080
networks:
- internal
database:
platform: linux/x86_64
image: mysql:8.0
container_name: mysql
#ports:
# - "3306:3307"
environment:
MYSQL_DATABASE: testdb
MYSQL_ROOT_USER: abc
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: def
networks:
- internal
networks:
internal:
name: internal
</code></pre>
<p>这是我在 pom.xml 中的依赖项</p>
<pre class="lang-xml prettyprint-override"><code> <dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.30</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.24</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>6.0.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
<artifactId>springdoc-openapi-ui</artifactId>
<version>1.6.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>8.0.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.25.0-GA</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</code></pre>
<p>我总结了这些代码中的错误</p>
<p><code>产品服务 |引起原因：com.mysql.cj.exceptions.CJCommunicationsException：通信链路故障</code></p>
<pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">`product-service | Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused`
`product-service | 2023-03-14 08:45:26.585 WARN 1 --- [ main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/a
utoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Unable to open JDBC Connection for DDL execution`
`product-service | org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/b
oot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Unable to open JDBC Connection for DDL execution`
`product-service | Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Unable to open JDBC Connection for DDL execution
`
`product-service | Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Unable to open JDBC Connection for DDL execution
`
`product-service | 2023-03-14 08:50:17.188 ERROR 1 --- [ main] j.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean : Failed to initialize JPA EntityManagerFactory: [PersistenceUnit: default] Unable to build Hibernate SessionFactory; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.JDBCConnectionException: Unable to open JDBC Connection for DDL execution
`
`product-service | The last packet sent successfully to the server was 0 milliseconds ago. The driver has not received any packets from the server.
`</pre>
<p>产品服务 | ...省略52个常见框架</p>
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在 docker-compose 文件中，您的数据库容器被命名为
database，并且在网络中访问此容器时应使用相同的名称作为主机名而不是