感觉是不是 localhost和127.0.0.1 那两个重复了，你先试着修改一个看看行不行。

有没有 flush privileges ?

我在本机的操作:

MariaDB [test]> create user 'h2'@'%' identified by 'h2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [test]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [test]> select user, password, host from mysql.user where user = 'h2';
+------+-------------------------------------------+------+
| user | password                                  | host |
+------+-------------------------------------------+------+
| h2   | *196646D09F946D08C707DF3A0BCC3C9A2899E21B | %    |
+------+-------------------------------------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

xxoo@localhost ~ % mysql -uh2 -p                                                                                                
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 969
Server version: 10.0.17-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye