获取类中所有声明或类型化的参数

import inspect
from typing import Any, Optional, Dict

class Parent:
    parent_param: str
    parent_default: Optional[str] = None

    @classmethod
    def find_params_meta(cls) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        params_meta = {}
        for c in reversed(cls.__mro__):
            if hasattr(c, '__annotations__'):
                for k, v in inspect.get_annotations(c).items():
                    if k not in params_meta: # 避免子类覆盖父类同名参数的类型信息
                        params_meta[k] = {"types": [v]}
                        if hasattr(cls, k) and getattr(cls, k) != inspect._empty:
                            params_meta[k]["default"] = getattr(cls, k)
        return params_meta


class Child(Parent):
    child_param: str
    _params_meta: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None

    def __init__(self, parent_param: str, child_param: str):
        self._params_meta = self.find_params_meta()
        self.child_param = child_param
        self.parent_param = parent_param

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        # 模拟未初始化的属性访问
        raise AttributeError(f"'{type(self).__name__}' object has no attribute '{name}'")

# 实例化对象并打印结果
child_instance = Child("parent param", "child param")
print(child_instance._params_meta)

# 断言
expected_result = {
    "parent_param": {"types": [str]},
    "parent_default": {"types": [str, type(None)], "default": None},
    "child_param": {"types": [str]},
}

assert child_instance._params_meta == expected_result

{'parent_param': {'types': [<class 'str'>]}, 'parent_default': {'types': [<class 'str'>, <class 'NoneType'>], 'default': None}, 'child_param': {'types': [<class 'str'>]}