Android 应用后台持续定位与录音的实现指南

private void getLocal() {
    if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED ||
            checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        return; // 没有权限则返回
    }
    LocationManager manager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
    // 请求位置更新，参数为LocationListener mListener
    manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 0, 0, mListener);
    manager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, mListener);
    // ... 其他逻辑
}

LocationListener mListener = new LocationListener() {
    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
        // 位置变化回调
        Log.d("location", location.getLongitude() + "," + location.getLatitude());
    }
    // ... 其他回调方法
};

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.yourapp">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />

    <application
        <!-- ... 其他配置 -->
        >
        <service
            android:name=".LocationTrackingService"
            android:foregroundServiceType="location" />
    </application>
</manifest>

import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationChannel;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat;

public class LocationTrackingService extends Service {

    private static final String CHANNEL_ID = "LocationServiceChannel";
    private LocationManager locationManager;
    private LocationListener locationListener;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        createNotificationChannel(); // 创建通知渠道
        // 初始化LocationManager和LocationListener
        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        locationListener = new LocationListener() {
            @Override
            public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
                // 处理位置更新
                Log.d("LocationService", "经度: " + location.getLongitude() + ", 纬度: " + location.getLatitude());
                // 这里可以将位置数据发送给Activity/Fragment，或保存到数据库
            }

            @Override
            public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {}
            @Override
            public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {}
            @Override
            public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {}
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        // 启动前台服务
        Notification notification = buildNotification();
        startForeground(1, notification); // 1是通知ID，必须大于0

        // 请求位置更新
        try {
            // 检查权限，实际应用中应在启动服务前检查
            if (checkSelfPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(
                        LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER,
                        5000, // 最小时间间隔，5秒
                        10,   // 最小距离变化，10米
                        locationListener
                );
                // 也可以同时请求NETWORK_PROVIDER
                // locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 5000, 10, locationListener);
            }
        } catch (SecurityException e) {
            Log.e("LocationService", "Location permission not granted: " + e.getMessage());
        }

        return START_STICKY; // 服务被系统杀死后，尝试重新创建
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        // 停止位置更新，释放资源
        if (locationManager != null && locationListener != null) {
            locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
        }
        Log.d("LocationService", "Service destroyed and location updates stopped.");
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null; // 如果不需要绑定，返回null
    }

    private void createNotificationChannel() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            NotificationChannel serviceChannel = new NotificationChannel(
                    CHANNEL_ID,
                    "位置服务通知",
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW // 重要性可以根据需求调整
            );
            NotificationManager manager = getSystemService(NotificationManager.class);
            if (manager != null) {
                manager.createNotificationChannel(serviceChannel);
            }
        }
    }

    private Notification buildNotification() {
        return new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
                .setContentTitle("位置追踪中")
                .setContentText("您的位置正在后台持续更新...")
                .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher_foreground) // 替换为你的应用图标
                .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_LOW)
                .setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
                .build();
    }
}

// 启动服务
Intent serviceIntent = new Intent(this, LocationTrackingService.class);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
    startForegroundService(serviceIntent);
} else {
    startService(serviceIntent);
}

// 停止服务
Intent stopServiceIntent = new Intent(this, LocationTrackingService.class);
stopService(stopServiceIntent);