YII框架的单元测试是什么？YII框架如何编写测试用例？

composer require "codeception/codeception" --dev

vendor/bin/codecept build

tests

unit

functional

acceptance

tests/unit

tests/unit/models/UserTest.php

app\models\User

<?php

namespace unit\models;

use app\models\User;
use Codeception\Test\Unit;

class UserTest extends Unit
{
    /**
     * @var \UnitTester
     */
    protected $tester;

    // Optional: Setup method for each test
    protected function _before()
    {
        // 可以这里初始化一些测试数据或Mocks
    }

    // Optional: Teardown method after each test
    protected function _after()
    {
        // 清理测试环境
    }

    // 这是一个简单的测试方法
    public function testFindUserById()
    {
        // 假设数据库里ID为1的用户名为'admin'
        // 实际项目中，这里通常会用Fixture或Mock来模拟数据
        $user = User::findIdentity(1);
        $this->assertNotNull($user);
        $this->assertEquals('admin', $user->username); // 假设admin是ID为1的用户
    }

    public function testValidatePassword()
    {
        $user = new User();
        $user->setPassword('password123'); // 设置一个密码
        $this->assertTrue($user->validatePassword('password123'));
        $this->assertFalse($user->validatePassword('wrongpassword'));
    }

    // 测试一个不应该存在的用户
    public function testFindNonExistentUser()
    {
        $user = User::findIdentity(9999);
        $this->assertNull($user);
    }
}

vendor/bin/codecept run unit

vendor/bin/codecept run unit models/UserTest.php

$this->assert...

composer require "codeception/codeception" --dev

--dev

vendor/bin/codecept bootstrap

tests

codeception.yml

unit.suite.yml

unit.suite.yml

# tests/unit.suite.yml
class_name: UnitTester
modules:
    enabled:
        - Asserts
        - Yii2: # 启用Yii2模块
            configFile: 'config/test.php' # 指向你的测试环境配置文件

Yii2

configFile

configFile

config/test.php

config/test.php

<?php
$config = require __DIR__ . '/web.php'; // 载入基础配置

$config['id'] = 'basic-unit-test'; // 独立的ID
$config['components']['db'] = [
    'class' => 'yii\db\Connection',
    'dsn' => 'sqlite::memory:', // 使用内存SQLite数据库，测试完即销毁
    // 'dsn' => 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=yii2_test_db', // 或者一个专门的测试MySQL数据库
    'username' => 'root',
    'password' => '',
    'charset' => 'utf8',
];
// 禁用邮件组件，避免测试时发送邮件
$config['components']['mailer'] = [
    'class' => 'yii\symfonymailer\Mailer',
    'useFileTransport' => true, // 将邮件写入文件而不是真正发送
];
// ... 其他测试环境特有的配置

return $config;

Fixtures