解决Python安装旧版GeoIP库的兼容性问题及现代替代方案

error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × python setup.py bdist_wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [15 lines of output]
      ...
      building 'GeoIP' extension
      creating build
      creating build/temp.linux-aarch64-cpython-311
      aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall ... -c py_GeoIP.c -o build/temp.linux-aarch64-cpython-311/py_GeoIP.o
      py_GeoIP.c:23:10: fatal error: GeoIP.h: No such file or directory
         23 | #include "GeoIP.h"
            |          ^~~~~~~~~
      compilation terminated.
      error: command '/usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for GeoIP
  Running setup.py clean for GeoIP
Failed to build GeoIP
ERROR: Could not build wheels for GeoIP, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

pip install maxminddb

import maxminddb
import os

# 假设你已将GeoLite2-City.mmdb文件下载到当前目录或指定路径
# 请将 'path/to/GeoLite2-City.mmdb' 替换为你的实际文件路径
DB_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'GeoLite2-City.mmdb')

# 检查数据库文件是否存在
if not os.path.exists(DB_PATH):
    print(f"错误：GeoLite2-City.mmdb文件未找到，请确保已下载并放置在正确路径：{DB_PATH}")
    print("请访问 MaxMind 官网下载 GeoLite2-City 数据库。")
else:
    try:
        # 打开数据库文件
        with maxminddb.open_database(DB_PATH) as reader:
            # 要查询的IP地址
            ip_address = '8.8.8.8' # Google DNS
            ip_address_local = '192.168.1.1' # 私有IP地址，通常不会有地理信息

            # 查询IP地址
            record = reader.get(ip_address)
            if record:
                print(f"IP: {ip_address}")
                print(f"国家: {record.get('country', {}).get('names', {}).get('zh-CN', 'N/A')}")
                print(f"城市: {record.get('city', {}).get('names', {}).get('zh-CN', 'N/A')}")
                print(f"经纬度: {record.get('location', {}).get('latitude')}, {record.get('location', {}).get('longitude')}")
                print("-" * 20)
            else:
                print(f"未找到IP: {ip_address} 的地理信息。")

            record_local = reader.get(ip_address_local)
            if record_local:
                print(f"IP: {ip_address_local}")
                print(f"国家: {record_local.get('country', {}).get('names', {}).get('zh-CN', 'N/A')}")
                print(f"城市: {record_local.get('city', {}).get('names', {}).get('zh-CN', 'N/A')}")
                print("-" * 20)
            else:
                print(f"未找到IP: {ip_address_local} 的地理信息（通常私有IP没有）。")

    except maxminddb.InvalidDatabaseError:
        print(f"错误：{DB_PATH} 不是一个有效的MaxMind数据库文件。")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"发生未知错误: {e}")