Java中利用抽象父类优化多类型参数通用方法验证的策略

public record CreateObjectRequest (
    CustomObjectA a,
    CustomObjectB b,
    CustomObjectC c
) {}

public record UpdateObjectRequest (
    CustomObjectA a,
    CustomObjectB b
) {}

// 冗余的验证方法
public void validateRequest(CreateObjectRequest createObjectRequest) {
    // 包含大量相同的验证逻辑
    // ...
}

public void validateRequest(UpdateObjectRequest updateObjectRequest) {
    // 几乎完全相同的验证逻辑
    // ...
}

// 假设 CustomObjectA, CustomObjectB, CustomObjectC 已定义
public class CustomObjectA {}
public class CustomObjectB {}
public class CustomObjectC {}

public abstract class ObjectRequest {
    // 包含所有子类共有的字段
    protected CustomObjectA a;
    protected CustomObjectB b;

    // 构造函数、getter/setter（如果需要）
    public ObjectRequest(CustomObjectA a, CustomObjectB b) {
        this.a = a;
        this.b = b;
    }

    public CustomObjectA getA() { return a; }
    public CustomObjectB getB() { return b; }
    // ... 其他通用方法
}

// CreateObjectRequest 继承 ObjectRequest，并添加特有字段
public class CreateObjectRequest extends ObjectRequest {
    private CustomObjectC c;

    public CreateObjectRequest(CustomObjectA a, CustomObjectB b, CustomObjectC c) {
        super(a, b);
        this.c = c;
    }

    public CustomObjectC getC() { return c; }
    // ...
}

// UpdateObjectRequest 继承 ObjectRequest，如果它没有特有字段，可以保持简洁
public class UpdateObjectRequest extends ObjectRequest {
    public UpdateObjectRequest(CustomObjectA a, CustomObjectB b) {
        super(a, b);
    }
    // ...
}

public class RequestValidator {
    public void validateRequest(ObjectRequest objectRequest) {
        // 在这里实现通用的验证逻辑
        if (objectRequest.getA() == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("CustomObjectA cannot be null.");
        }
        if (objectRequest.getB() == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("CustomObjectB cannot be null.");
        }
        // ... 其他针对通用字段的验证

        // 如果需要处理特定子类的验证逻辑，可以通过 instanceof 进行判断，
        // 但应尽量避免，优先考虑将差异化逻辑下沉到子类或使用策略模式。
        if (objectRequest instanceof CreateObjectRequest createRequest) {
            if (createRequest.getC() == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("CustomObjectC is required for creation.");
            }
            // ... 针对 CreateObjectRequest 的特有验证
        }
        // else if (objectRequest instanceof UpdateObjectRequest updateRequest) { ... }
    }
}