深入理解Python非静态方法：为何及何时使用它们？

class GameState:
    def __init__(self, initial_pot=0):
        self.action_so_far_f = {}
        self.pot_size_value = initial_pot

    def add_action(self, player_pos, amount):
        self.action_so_far_f[player_pos] = amount
        self.pot_size_value += amount

    def calculate_current_pot_size(self, pre_flop=False):
        """
        计算当前底池大小。
        如果pre_flop为True，则只计算特定阶段的行动总和。
        """
        if pre_flop:
            sum_of_action_behind_me = 0
            for pos in self.action_so_far_f:
                try:
                    sum_of_action_behind_me += float(self.action_so_far_f[pos])
                except ValueError:
                    # 可以在这里添加更具体的错误处理或日志
                    pass
            return sum_of_action_behind_me
        else:
            # 如果不是pre_flop，可能返回累积的总底池
            return self.pot_size_value

# 使用实例方法
game = GameState(initial_pot=100)
game.add_action("playerA", 20)
game.add_action("playerB", 30)
print(f"当前底池大小 (非翻牌前): {game.calculate_current_pot_size()}")
print(f"翻牌前行动总和: {game.calculate_current_pot_size(pre_flop=True)}")

import json

class User:
    def __init__(self, name, email):
        self.name = name
        self.email = email

    @classmethod
    def from_json(cls, json_string):
        """从JSON字符串创建User实例"""
        data = json.loads(json_string)
        return cls(data['name'], data['email'])

    @classmethod
    def from_csv_row(cls, csv_row):
        """从CSV行数据创建User实例"""
        name, email = csv_row.split(',')
        return cls(name.strip(), email.strip())

# 使用类方法创建实例
user_from_json = User.from_json('{"name": "Alice", "email": "alice@example.com"}')
user_from_csv = User.from_csv_row("Bob, bob@example.com")

print(f"User from JSON: {user_from_json.name}, {user_from_json.email}")
print(f"User from CSV: {user_from_csv.name}, {user_from_csv.email}")

class MyNumber:
    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value

    def __le__(self, other):
        """实现小于等于运算符"""
        if isinstance(other, MyNumber):
            return self.value <= other.value
        return NotImplemented # 表示不支持与其他类型比较

num1 = MyNumber(10)
num2 = MyNumber(20)
print(f"num1 <= num2: {num1 <= num2}") # 输出: True