MVC架构中控制器、服务层与仓储层的职责分离与最佳实践

// 1. 定义仓储接口和实现
interface UserRepository
{
    public function findById(int $id): ?User;
    public function save(User $user): void;
    // ... 其他数据访问方法
}

class EloquentUserRepository implements UserRepository
{
    public function findById(int $id): ?User
    {
        // 使用Laravel Eloquent或其他ORM实现数据查询
        return User::find($id);
    }

    public function save(User $user): void
    {
        $user->save();
    }
}

// 2. 定义服务层
class UserService
{
    private UserRepository $userRepository;

    public function __construct(UserRepository $userRepository)
    {
        $this->userRepository = $userRepository;
    }

    public function createUser(array $userData): User
    {
        // 业务逻辑：验证数据、创建用户实例、保存
        if (empty($userData['name']) || empty($userData['email'])) {
            throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Name and email are required.");
        }

        $user = new User($userData);
        $this->userRepository->save($user); // 委托给仓储层
        return $user;
    }

    public function updateUserProfile(int $userId, array $profileData): ?User
    {
        // 业务逻辑：查找用户、更新属性、保存
        $user = $this->userRepository->findById($userId);
        if (!$user) {
            return null;
        }

        $user->updateProfile($profileData); // 领域模型方法
        $this->userRepository->save($user); // 委托给仓储层
        return $user;
    }

    public function getUserDetails(int $userId): ?User
    {
        // 业务逻辑：查找用户，可能包含权限检查等
        return $this->userRepository->findById($userId);
    }
}

// 3. 控制器使用服务层
class UserController extends Controller
{
    private UserService $userService;

    public function __construct(UserService $userService)
    {
        $this->userService = $userService;
    }

    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        // 控制器职责：接收请求，委托给服务层
        try {
            $user = $this->userService->createUser($request->all());
            return response()->json(['message' => 'User created successfully', 'user' => $user], 201);
        } catch (\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
            return response()->json(['error' => $e->getMessage()], 400);
        }
    }

    public function show(int $id)
    {
        // 控制器职责：接收请求，委托给服务层
        $user = $this->userService->getUserDetails($id);
        if (!$user) {
            return response()->json(['message' => 'User not found'], 404);
        }
        return response()->json($user);
    }
}