JPA中级联删除子实体后如何同步更新父实体列表

@Entity
@Getter @Setter @RequiredArgsConstructor
public class Recipe {
    // ... 其他字段
    @JsonIgnore
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "user_id",  nullable = false)
    private User user;
}

@Entity
@Table(name = "users")
@Getter @Setter @RequiredArgsConstructor
class User {
    // ... 其他字段
    @JsonIgnore
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "user", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @Fetch(value = FetchMode.SUBSELECT)
    @ToString.Exclude
    @Column(name = "recipes") // 注意：@Column通常用于基本类型字段，不适用于@OneToMany集合
    private List<Recipe> recipes = new ArrayList<>();

    // 假设存在一个方法来从列表中删除Recipe
    public void deleteFromUserList(Recipe recipe) {
        this.recipes.remove(recipe);
    }
}

// 删除Recipe的业务逻辑
public ResponseEntity<String> deleteRecipeById(long id, @AuthenticationPrincipal UserDetails details) {
   Recipe currentRecipe = getRecipeById(id);
   User currentUser = userRepository.findByEmail(details.getUsername())
            .orElseThrow(() -> new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found"));

    if (currentRecipe.getUser().equals(currentUser)) {
        currentUser.deleteFromUserList(currentRecipe); // 从User的列表中移除
        recipeRepository.delete(currentRecipe);       // 从数据库中删除Recipe
        // 问题所在：此处缺少操作来持久化currentUser的更改
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.OK).build();
    }
    return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN).build();
}

public ResponseEntity<String> deleteRecipeById(long id, @AuthenticationPrincipal UserDetails details) {
   Recipe currentRecipe = getRecipeById(id);
   User currentUser = userRepository.findByEmail(details.getUsername())
            .orElseThrow(() -> new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found"));

    if (currentRecipe.getUser().equals(currentUser)) {
        currentUser.getRecipes().remove(currentRecipe); // 直接操作列表
        recipeRepository.delete(currentRecipe);
        userRepository.save(currentUser); // 显式保存currentUser，持久化其recipes列表的更改
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.OK).build();
    }
    return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN).build();
}

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Transactional // 添加事务注解
public ResponseEntity<String> deleteRecipeById(long id, @AuthenticationPrincipal UserDetails details) {
   Recipe currentRecipe = getRecipeById(id);
   // currentUser在此处被加载，进入托管状态
   User currentUser = userRepository.findByEmail(details.getUsername())
            .orElseThrow(() -> new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found"));

    if (currentRecipe.getUser().equals(currentUser)) {
        currentUser.getRecipes().remove(currentRecipe); // 修改托管实体的列表
        recipeRepository.delete(currentRecipe);       // 删除Recipe实体

        // 无需显式调用 userRepository.save(currentUser);
        // 事务提交时，JPA会自动检测并持久化currentUser的更改
        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.OK).build();
    }
    return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN).build();
}