JGit 实现文件提交至远程仓库的完整指南：从克隆到推送

import org.eclipse.jgit.api.Git;
import org.eclipse.jgit.api.errors.GitAPIException;
import org.eclipse.jgit.transport.UsernamePasswordCredentialsProvider;

import java.io.File;

public class JGitCommitTutorial {

    private static final String REMOTE_URL = "https://github.com/your-username/your-repo.git"; // 替换为你的远程仓库URL
    private static final String LOCAL_REPO_PATH = "/path/to/your/local/repo"; // 替换为本地仓库存储路径
    private static final String USERNAME = "your-git-username"; // 替换为你的Git用户名
    private static final String PASSWORD = "your-git-password"; // 替换为你的Git密码或个人访问令牌

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File localPath = new File(LOCAL_REPO_PATH);
        // 确保本地路径存在且为空，或不存在
        if (localPath.exists()) {
            // 如果已经存在，可以考虑删除或打开现有仓库
            // deleteDirectory(localPath); // 慎用，会删除整个目录
            System.out.println("本地仓库目录已存在，尝试打开...");
            try (Git git = Git.open(localPath)) {
                System.out.println("成功打开现有本地仓库: " + git.getRepository().getDirectory());
                // 如果需要，可以在这里执行拉取操作以更新本地仓库
                // git.pull().setCredentialsProvider(new UsernamePasswordCredentialsProvider(USERNAME, PASSWORD)).call();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.err.println("打开现有本地仓库失败: " + e.getMessage());
                return;
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("克隆远程仓库到: " + localPath.getAbsolutePath());
            try (Git git = Git.cloneRepository()
                    .setURI(REMOTE_URL)
                    .setDirectory(localPath)
                    .setCredentialsProvider(new UsernamePasswordCredentialsProvider(USERNAME, PASSWORD))
                    .call()) {
                System.out.println("仓库克隆成功到: " + git.getRepository().getDirectory());
                // 在这里可以进行后续操作
                performJGitOperations(git);
            } catch (GitAPIException e) {
                System.err.println("克隆仓库失败: " + e.getMessage());
            }
        }
    }

    private static void performJGitOperations(Git git) {
        // 后续操作将在此方法中实现
    }

    // 辅助方法：递归删除目录（慎用，仅用于测试或明确知道后果的场景）
    private static void deleteDirectory(File directory) {
        if (directory.exists()) {
            File[] files = directory.listFiles();
            if (files != null) {
                for (File file : files) {
                    if (file.isDirectory()) {
                        deleteDirectory(file);
                    } else {
                        file.delete();
                    }
                }
            }
            directory.delete();
        }
    }
}

import org.eclipse.jgit.api.errors.RefNotFoundException;
// ... 其他导入

private static void performJGitOperations(Git git) {
    String branchName = "your-target-branch"; // 替换为你要操作的分支名
    try {
        // 检查本地是否存在该分支
        boolean branchExists = git.getRepository().getRefDatabase().exactRef("refs/heads/" + branchName) != null;
        if (!branchExists) {
            // 如果本地不存在该分支，则从远程创建并切换
            git.checkout()
               .setCreateBranch(true)
               .setName(branchName)
               .setStartPoint("origin/" + branchName)
               .call();
            System.out.println("从远程创建并切换到新分支: " + branchName);
        } else {
            // 如果本地存在，直接切换
            git.checkout()
               .setName(branchName)
               .call();
            System.out.println("切换到现有分支: " + branchName);
        }
    } catch (RefNotFoundException e) {
        System.err.println("分支 " + branchName + " 在远程或本地不存在: " + e.getMessage());
        return;
    } catch (GitAPIException e) {
        System.err.println("切换分支失败: " + e.getMessage());
        return;
    }

    // ... 后续操作
}

import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
// ... 其他导入

private static void performJGitOperations(Git git) {
    // ... 分支切换代码

    // 假设我们在本地仓库中创建一个新文件
    File newFile = new File(git.getRepository().getWorkTree(), "new-feature.txt");
    try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(newFile)) {
        writer.write("This is a new feature added via JGit.");
        System.out.println("文件 'new-feature.txt' 已创建/修改。");
    } catch (IOException e) {
        System.err.println("写入文件失败: " + e.getMessage());
        return;
    }

    try {
        git.add()
           .addFilepattern("new-feature.txt") // 添加指定文件
           // .addFilepattern(".") // 添加所有更改
           .call();
        System.out.println("文件 'new-feature.txt' 已添加到暂存区。");
    } catch (GitAPIException e) {
        System.err.println("添加文件到暂存区失败: " + e.getMessage());
        return;
    }

    // ... 后续操作
}

import org.eclipse.jgit.revwalk.RevCommit;
import org.eclipse.jgit.lib.PersonIdent;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.TimeZone;
// ... 其他导入

private static void performJGitOperations(Git git) {
    // ... 分支切换和文件添加代码

    try {
        PersonIdent author = new PersonIdent("Your Name", "your.email@example.com");
        PersonIdent committer = new PersonIdent("Your Name", "your.email@example.com", new Date(), TimeZone.getDefault());

        RevCommit commit = git.commit()
                              .setAuthor(author)
                              .setCommitter(committer)
                              .setMessage("feat: Add new feature file via JGit")
                              .call();
        System.out.println("更改已提交。Commit ID: " + commit.getId().getName());
    } catch (GitAPIException e) {
        System.err.println("提交更改失败: " + e.getMessage());
        return;
    }

    // ... 后续操作
}

// ... 其他导入

private static void performJGitOperations(Git git) {
    // ... 分支切换、文件添加和提交代码

    try {
        git.push()
           .setCredentialsProvider(new UsernamePasswordCredentialsProvider(USERNAME, PASSWORD))
           .call();
        System.out.println("更改已成功推送到远程仓库。");
    } catch (GitAPIException e) {
        System.err.println("推送更改失败: " + e.getMessage());
    } finally {
        // 确保关闭Git实例，释放资源
        if (git != null) {
            git.close();
        }
    }
}