在Java中如何捕获和处理自定义业务异常

public BusinessException(String message) {
    super(message);
}

public BusinessException(String code, String message) {
    super(message);
    this.code = code;
}

public String getCode() {
    return code;
}

<p>添加错误码有助于前端或日志系统识别具体问题。</p>

<H3>在业务逻辑中抛出自定义异常</H3>
<p>当检测到不符合业务规则的情况时，主动抛出异常，避免错误蔓延。</p>
<font color="#0000FF">示例：</font>
```java
public void transferMoney(Account from, Account to, BigDecimal amount) {
    if (amount.compareTo(BigDecimal.ZERO) <= 0) {
        throw new BusinessException("INVALID_AMOUNT", "转账金额必须大于0");
    }
    if (from.getBalance().compareTo(amount) < 0) {
        throw new BusinessException("INSUFFICIENT_BALANCE", "余额不足");
    }
    // 执行转账逻辑
}

@ResponseBody
@ExceptionHandler(BusinessException.class)
public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleBusinessException(BusinessException e) {
    ErrorResponse error = new ErrorResponse(e.getCode(), e.getMessage());
    return ResponseEntity.status(400).body(error);
}

<p>这样控制器代码更简洁，异常处理集中可控。</p>

<p>基本上就这些。定义清晰、抛出及时、捕获得当，就能高效管理业务异常。关键是不让异常裸露给用户，同时保留足够的上下文用于排查问题。</p>